at91sam9263 ATMEL Corporation, at91sam9263 Datasheet - Page 517

• Manufacturer Part Number: at91sam9263
• Description: At91 Arm Thumb Microcontrollers
• Manufacturer: ATMEL Corporation

Figure 33-6. Character Transmit
Figure 33-7. Transmitter Status
33.6.3.2
6249D–ATARM–20-Dec-07
Asynchronous Receiver
Baud Rate
TXEMPTY
Baud Rate
Example: 8-bit, Parity Enabled One Stop
US_THR
TXRDY
Clock
Write
Clock
TXD
TXD
The characters are sent by writing in the Transmit Holding Register (US_THR). The transmitter
reports two status bits in the Channel Status Register (US_CSR): TXRDY (Transmitter Ready),
which indicates that US_THR is empty and TXEMPTY, which indicates that all the characters
written in US_THR have been processed. When the current character processing is completed,
the last character written in US_THR is transferred into the Shift Register of the transmitter and
US_THR becomes empty, thus TXRDY raises.
Both TXRDY and TXEMPTY bits are low since the transmitter is disabled. Writing a character in
US_THR while TXRDY is active has no effect and the written character is lost.
If the USART is programmed in asynchronous operating mode (SYNC = 0), the receiver over-
samples the RXD input line. The oversampling is either 16 or 8 times the Baud Rate clock,
depending on the OVER bit in the Mode Register (US_MR).
The receiver samples the RXD line. If the line is sampled during one half of a bit time at 0, a start
bit is detected and data, parity and stop bits are successively sampled on the bit rate clock.
If the oversampling is 16, (OVER at 0), a start is detected at the eighth sample at 0. Then, data
bits, parity bit and stop bit are sampled on each 16 sampling clock cycle. If the oversampling is 8
(OVER at 1), a start bit is detected at the fourth sample at 0. Then, data bits, parity bit and stop
bit are sampled on each 8 sampling clock cycle.
The number of data bits, first bit sent and parity mode are selected by the same fields and bits
as the transmitter, i.e. respectively CHRL, MODE9, MSBF and PAR. For the synchronization
mechanism only, the number of stop bits has no effect on the receiver as it considers only one
stop bit, regardless of the field NBSTOP, so that resynchronization between the receiver and the
Start
Bit
Start
Bit
D0
D1
D0
D2
D3
D1
D4
D5
D2
D6
D7
D3
Parity
Bit
Stop
Bit
D4
Start
Bit
D0
AT91SAM9263 Preliminary
D5
D1
D2
D6
D3
D4
D7
D5
D6
Parity
Bit
D7
Parity
Bit
Stop
Bit
Stop
Bit
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