ATMEGA16-16PU Atmel, ATMEGA16-16PU Datasheet - Page 75

• Manufacturer Part Number: ATMEGA16-16PU
• Description: IC AVR MCU 16K 16MHZ 5V 40DIP
• Manufacturer: Atmel
• Series: AVR® ATmegar

Specifications of ATMEGA16-16PU

• Core Processor: AVR
• Core Size: 8-Bit
• Speed: 16MHz
• Connectivity: I²C, SPI, UART/USART
• Peripherals: Brown-out Detect/Reset, POR, PWM, WDT
• Number Of I /o: 32
• Program Memory Size: 16KB (8K x 16)
• Program Memory Type: FLASH
• Eeprom Size: 512 x 8
• Ram Size: 1K x 8
• Voltage - Supply (vcc/vdd): 4.5 V ~ 5.5 V
• Data Converters: A/D 8x10b
• Oscillator Type: Internal
• Operating Temperature: -40°C ~ 85°C
• Package / Case: 40-DIP (0.600", 15.24mm)
• Package: 40PDIP
• Device Core: AVR
• Family Name: ATmega
• Maximum Speed: 16 MHz
• Operating Supply Voltage: 5 V
• Data Bus Width: 8 Bit
• Number Of Programmable I/os: 32
• Interface Type: TWI/SPI/USART
• On-chip Adc: 8-chx10-bit
• Number Of Timers: 3
• Processor Series: ATMEGA16x
• Core: AVR8
• Data Ram Size: 1 KB
• Maximum Clock Frequency: 16 MHz
• Maximum Operating Temperature: + 85 C
• Mounting Style: Through Hole
• 3rd Party Development Tools: EWAVR, EWAVR-BL
• Development Tools By Supplier: ATAVRDRAGON, ATSTK500, ATSTK600, ATAVRISP2, ATAVRONEKIT
• Minimum Operating Temperature: - 40 C
• A/d Inputs: 8-Channel, 10-Bit
• Cpu Speed: 16 MIPS
• Eeprom Memory: 512 Bytes
• Input Output: 32
• Interface: JTAG/SPI/UART
• Memory Type: Flash
• Number Of Bits: 8
• Package Type: 44-pin PDIP
• Programmable Memory: 16K Bytes
• Timers: 2-8-bit, 1-16-bit
• Voltage, Range: 4.5-5.5 V
• Controller Family/series: AVR MEGA
• No. Of I/o's: 32
• Eeprom Memory Size: 512Byte
• Ram Memory Size: 1KB
• Rohs Compliant: Yes
• For Use With: ATSTK600-TQFP44 - STK600 SOCKET/ADAPTER 44-TQFPATSTK600-DIP40 - STK600 SOCKET/ADAPTER 40-PDIP770-1007 - ISP 4PORT ATMEL AVR MCU SPI/JTAGATAVRISP2 - PROGRAMMER AVR IN SYSTEMATJTAGICE2 - AVR ON-CHIP D-BUG SYSTEMATSTK500 - PROGRAMMER AVR STARTER KIT
• Lead Free Status / RoHS Status: Lead free / RoHS Compliant

Fast PWM Mode
2466J–AVR–10/04
when the counter is running with none or a low prescaler value must be done with care
since the CTC mode does not have the double buffering feature. If the new value written
to OCR0 is lower than the current value of TCNT0, the counter will miss the compare
match. The counter will then have to count to its maximum value (0xFF) and wrap
around starting at 0x00 before the compare match can occur.
For generating a waveform output in CTC mode, the OC0 output can be set to toggle its
logical level on each compare match by setting the Compare Output mode bits to toggle
mode (COM01:0 = 1). The OC0 value will not be visible on the port pin unless the data
direction for the pin is set to output. The waveform generated will have a maximum fre-
quency of f
defined by the following equation:
The N variable represents the prescale factor (1, 8, 64, 256, or 1024).
As for the Normal mode of operation, the TOV0 Flag is set in the same timer clock cycle
that the counter counts from MAX to 0x00.
The fast Pulse Width Modulation or fast PWM mode (WGM01:0 = 3) provides a high fre-
quency PWM waveform generation option. The fast PWM differs from the other PWM
option by its single-slope operation. The counter counts from BOTTOM to MAX then
restarts from BOTTOM. In non-inverting Compare Output mode, the Output Compare
(OC0) is cleared on the compare match between TCNT0 and OCR0, and set at BOT-
TOM. In inverting Compare Output mode, the output is set on compare match and
cleared at BOTTOM. Due to the single-slope operation, the operating frequency of the
fast PWM mode can be twice as high as the phase correct PWM mode that use dual-
slope operation. This high frequency makes the fast PWM mode well suited for power
regulation, rectification, and DAC applications. High frequency allows physically small
sized external components (coils, capacitors), and therefore reduces total system cost.
In fast PWM mode, the counter is incremented until the counter value matches the MAX
value. The counter is then cleared at the following timer clock cycle. The timing diagram
for the fast PWM mode is shown in Figure 32. The TCNT0 value is in the timing diagram
shown as a histogram for illustrating the single-slope operation. The diagram includes
non-inverted and inverted PWM outputs. The small horizontal line marks on the TCNT0
slopes represent compare matches between OCR0 and TCNT0.
OC0
= f
clk_I/O
/2 when OCR0 is set to zero (0x00). The waveform frequency is
f
OCn
=
---------------------------------------------- -
2 N
⋅
⋅
f
(
clk_I/O
1
+
OCRn
)
ATmega16(L)
75