AD6654/PCB Analog Devices Inc, AD6654/PCB Datasheet - Page 30

• Manufacturer Part Number: AD6654/PCB
• Description: BOARD EVALUATION FOR AD6654
• Manufacturer: Analog Devices Inc

Specifications of AD6654/PCB

• Module/board Type: Evaluation Board
• For Use With/related Products: AD6554
• Lead Free Status / RoHS Status: Contains lead / RoHS non-compliant

AD6654
input clock cycle, as long as the input signal remains below the
lower threshold register value. If the counter reaches 1, the gain
control output is incremented by 1. If the signal goes above the
lower threshold register value, the gain adjustment is not made,
and the normal comparison to lower and upper threshold
registers is initiated once again. Therefore, the dwell timer
provides temporal hysteresis and prevents the gain from
continuously switching.
In a typical application, if the ADC signal goes below the lower
threshold for a time greater than the dwell time, then the gain
control output is incremented by 1. Gain control bits control the
gain ranging block, which appears before the ADC in the signal
chain. With each increment of the gain control output, gain in
the gain-ranging block is increased by 6.02 dB. This increases
the dynamic range of the input signal into the ADC by 6.02 dB.
This gain is compensated for in the AD6654 by relinearizing, as
explained in the Relinearization section. Therefore, the AD6654
can increase the dynamic range of the ADC by 42 dB, provided
that the gain-ranging block can support it.
Relinearization
The gain in the gain-ranging block (external) is compensated
for by relinearizing, using the exponent bits EXP[2:0] of the
input port. For this purpose, the gain control bits are connected
to the EXP[2:0] bits, providing an attenuation of 6.02 dB for
every increase in the gain control output. After the gain in the
external gain-ranging block and the attenuation in the AD6654
(using EXP bits), the signal gain is essentially unchanged. The
only change is the increase in the dynamic range of the ADC.
External gain-ranging blocks have a delay associated with
changing the gain of the signal. Typically, these delays can be
up to 14 clock cycles. The gain change in the AD6654 (via
EXP[2:0]) must be synchronized with the gain change in the
gain-ranging block (external). This is allowed in the AD6654 by
providing a flexible delay, programmable 6-bit word in the gain
control register. The value in this 6-bit word gives the delay in
input clock cycles. A programmable pipeline delay given by the
6-bit value (maximum delay of 63 clock cycles) is placed
between the gain control output and the EXP[2:0] input.
Therefore, the external gain-ranging block’s settling delays
are compensated for in the AD6654.
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Note that any gain changes that are initiated during the relinear-
ization period are ignored. For example, if the AD6654 detects
that a gain adjustment is required during the relinearization
period of a previous gain adjustment, then the new adjustment
is ignored.
Setting Up the Gain Control Block
To set up the gain control block for the input port, the individ-
ual upper threshold registers and lower threshold registers
should be written with appropriate values. The 10-bit values
written into upper and lower threshold registers are compared
to the 10 MSBs of the absolute magnitude calculated using the
input port data. The 20-bit dwell-time register should have the
appropriate number of clock cycles to provide temporal
hysteresis.
A 6-bit relinearization pipeline delay word is set to synchronize
with the settling delay in the external gain-ranging circuitry.
Finally, the gain control enable bit is written with Logic 1 to
activate the gain control block. On enabling, the gain control
output bits are made 000 (output on EXP[2:0] pins), which
represent the minimum gain for the external gain-ranging
circuitry and corresponding minimum attenuation during
relinearization. The normal functioning takes over, as explained
previously in this section.
MEMORY
MEMORY
FROM INPUT
FROM
FROM
MAP
MAP
PORTS
THRESHOLD
THRESHOLD
REGISTER
REGISTER
LOWER
UPPER
Figure 43. Gain Control Block Diagram
B
A
B
A
COMPARE
COMPARE
A > B
A < B
EXTERNAL GAIN
EXTERNAL GAIN
DECREASE
INCREASE
DWELL
TIMER
DEC
INC
EXP GEN
EXP [2:0]