ATmega16A Atmel Corporation, ATmega16A Datasheet - Page 198

• Manufacturer Part Number: ATmega16A
• Manufacturer: Atmel Corporation

Specifications of ATmega16A

• Flash (kbytes): 16 Kbytes
• Pin Count: 44
• Max. Operating Frequency: 16 MHz
• Cpu: 8-bit AVR
• # Of Touch Channels: 16
• Hardware Qtouch Acquisition: No
• Max I/o Pins: 32
• Ext Interrupts: 3
• Usb Speed: No
• Usb Interface: No
• Spi: 1
• Twi (i2c): 1
• Uart: 1
• Graphic Lcd: No
• Video Decoder: No
• Camera Interface: No
• Adc Channels: 8
• Adc Resolution (bits): 10
• Adc Speed (ksps): 15
• Analog Comparators: 1
• Resistive Touch Screen: No
• Temp. Sensor: No
• Crypto Engine: No
• Sram (kbytes): 1
• Eeprom (bytes): 512
• Self Program Memory: YES
• Dram Memory: No
• Nand Interface: No
• Picopower: No
• Temp. Range (deg C): -40 to 85
• I/o Supply Class: 2.7 to 5.5
• Operating Voltage (vcc): 2.7 to 5.5
• Fpu: No
• Mpu / Mmu: no / no
• Timers: 3
• Output Compare Channels: 4
• Input Capture Channels: 1
• Pwm Channels: 4
• 32khz Rtc: Yes
• Calibrated Rc Oscillator: Yes

20.7.5
Table 20-6.
20.7.6
198
Status Code
(TWSR)
Prescaler Bits
are 0
$F8
$00
ATmega16A
Miscellaneous States
Combining Several TWI Modes
Status of the Two-wire Serial
Bus and Two-wire Serial Inter-
face Hardware
No relevant state information
available; TWINT = “0”
Bus error due to an illegal
START or STOP condition
Miscellaneous States
Figure 20-18. Formats and States in the Slave Transmitter Mode
There are two status codes that do not correspond to a defined TWI state, see
Status $F8 indicates that no relevant information is available because the TWINT Flag is not set.
This occurs between other states, and when the TWI is not involved in a serial transfer.
Status $00 indicates that a bus error has occurred during a Two-wire Serial Bus transfer. A bus
error occurs when a START or STOP condition occurs at an illegal position in the format frame.
Examples of such illegal positions are during the serial transfer of an address byte, a data byte,
or an acknowledge bit. When a bus error occurs, TWINT is set. To recover from a bus error, the
TWSTO Flag must set and TWINT must be cleared by writing a logic one to it. This causes the
TWI to enter the not addressed Slave mode and to clear the TWSTO Flag (no other bits in
TWCR are affected). The SDA and SCL lines are released, and no STOP condition is
transmitted.
In some cases, several TWI modes must be combined in order to complete the desired action.
Consider for example reading data from a serial EEPROM. Typically, such a transfer involves
the following steps:
1. The transfer must be initiated
2. The EEPROM must be instructed what location should be read
3. The reading must be performed
Reception of the own
slave address and one or
more data bytes
Arbitration lost as master
and addressed as slave
Last data byte transmitted.
Switched to not addressed
slave (TWEA = '0')
To/from TWDR
No TWDR action
No TWDR action
From master to slave
From slave to master
Application Software Response
S
SLA
STA
0
No TWCR action
STO
R
1
DATA
To TWCR
TWINT
$A8
$B0
A
A
n
1
A
TWEA
X
DATA
Any number of data bytes
and their associated acknowledge bits
This number (contained in TWSR) corresponds
to a defined state of the Two-wire Serial Bus. The
prescaler bits are zero or masked to zero
Next Action Taken by TWI Hardware
Wait or proceed current transfer
Only the internal hardware is affected, no STOP condi-
tion is sent on the bus. In all cases, the bus is released
and TWSTO is cleared.
$B8
A
DATA
$C0
$C8
A
A
Table
P or S
All 1's
8154B–AVR–07/09
P or S
20-6.