ATMEGA64-16AI Atmel, ATMEGA64-16AI Datasheet - Page 236

• Manufacturer Part Number: ATMEGA64-16AI
• Description: IC AVR MCU 64K 16MHZ IND 64-TQFP
• Manufacturer: Atmel
• Series: AVR® ATmegar

Specifications of ATMEGA64-16AI

• Core Processor: AVR
• Core Size: 8-Bit
• Speed: 16MHz
• Connectivity: I²C, SPI, UART/USART
• Peripherals: Brown-out Detect/Reset, POR, PWM, WDT
• Number Of I /o: 53
• Program Memory Size: 64KB (32K x 16)
• Program Memory Type: FLASH
• Eeprom Size: 2K x 8
• Ram Size: 4K x 8
• Voltage - Supply (vcc/vdd): 4.5 V ~ 5.5 V
• Data Converters: A/D 8x10b
• Oscillator Type: Internal
• Operating Temperature: -40°C ~ 85°C
• Package / Case: 64-TQFP, 64-VQFP
• Lead Free Status / RoHS Status: Contains lead / RoHS non-compliant

Differential Gain
Channels
Changing Channel
or Reference
Selection
2490Q–AVR–06/10
Table 95. ADC Conversion Time
When using differential gain channels, certain aspects of the conversion need to be taken into
consideration.
Differential conversions are synchronized to the internal clock CK
clock. This synchronization is done automatically by the ADC interface in such a way that the
sample-and-hold occurs at a specific phase of CK
all single conversions, and the first free running conversion) when CK
same amount of time as a single ended conversion (13 ADC clock cycles from the next pres-
caled clock cycle). A conversion initiated by the user when CK
cycles due to the synchronization mechanism. In Free Running mode, a new conversion is initi-
ated immediately after the previous conversion completes, and since CK
all automatically started (that is, all but the first) free running conversions will take 14 ADC clock
cycles.
The gain stage is optimized for a bandwidth of 4 kHz at all gain settings. Higher frequencies may
be subjected to non-linear amplification. An external low-pass filter should be used if the input
signal contains higher frequency components than the gain stage bandwidth. Note that the ADC
clock frequency is independent of the gain stage bandwidth limitation. For example, the ADC
clock period may be 6 µs, allowing a channel to be sampled at 12 kSPS, regardless of the band-
width of this channel.
If differential gain channels are used and conversions are started by Auto Triggering, the ADC
must be switched off between conversions. When Auto Triggering is used, the ADC prescaler is
reset before the conversion is started. Since the gain stage is dependent of a stable ADC clock
prior to the conversion, this conversion will not be valid. By disabling and then re-enabling the
ADC between each conversion (writing ADEN in ADCSRA to “0” then to “1”), only extended con-
versions are performed. The result from the extended conversions will be valid. See
and Conversion Timing” on page 233
The MUXn and REFS1:0 bits in the ADMUX Register are single buffered through a temporary
register to which the CPU has random access. This ensures that the channels and reference
selection only takes place at a safe point during the conversion. The channel and reference
selection is continuously updated until a conversion is started. Once the conversion starts, the
channel and reference selection is locked to ensure a sufficient sampling time for the ADC. Con-
tinuous updating resumes in the last ADC clock cycle before the conversion completes (ADIF in
ADCSRA is set). Note that the conversion starts on the following rising ADC clock edge after
ADSC is written. The user is thus advised not to write new channel or reference selection values
to ADMUX until one ADC clock cycle after ADSC is written.
If Auto Triggering is used, the exact time of the triggering event can be indeterministic. Special
care must be taken when updating the ADMUX Register, in order to control which conversion
will be affected by the new settings.
If both ADATE and ADEN is written to one, an interrupt event can occur at any time. If the
ADMUX Register is changed in this period, the user cannot tell if the next conversion is based
on the old or the new settings. ADMUX can be safely updated in the following ways:
Condition
First conversion
Normal conversions, single ended
Auto Triggered conversions
Normal conversions, differential
Sample & Hold (Cycles from
for timing details.
Start of Conversion)
1.5/2.5
13.5
1.5
2
ADC2
. A conversion initiated by the user (that is,
ADC2
is high will take 14 ADC clock
ADC2
Conversion Time
ATmega64(L)
ADC2
ADC2
(Cycles)
equal to half the ADC
13/14
13.5
25
13
is low will take the
is high at this time,
“Prescaling
236