ATmega644 Atmel Corporation, ATmega644 Datasheet - Page 20

• Manufacturer Part Number: ATmega644
• Manufacturer: Atmel Corporation

Specifications of ATmega644

• Flash (kbytes): 64 Kbytes
• Pin Count: 44
• Max. Operating Frequency: 20 MHz
• Cpu: 8-bit AVR
• # Of Touch Channels: 16
• Hardware Qtouch Acquisition: No
• Max I/o Pins: 32
• Ext Interrupts: 32
• Usb Speed: No
• Usb Interface: No
• Spi: 3
• Twi (i2c): 1
• Uart: 1
• Graphic Lcd: No
• Video Decoder: No
• Camera Interface: No
• Adc Channels: 8
• Adc Resolution (bits): 10
• Adc Speed (ksps): 15
• Analog Comparators: 1
• Resistive Touch Screen: No
• Temp. Sensor: No
• Crypto Engine: No
• Sram (kbytes): 4
• Eeprom (bytes): 2048
• Self Program Memory: YES
• Dram Memory: No
• Nand Interface: No
• Picopower: No
• Temp. Range (deg C): -40 to 85
• I/o Supply Class: 1.8 to 5.5
• Operating Voltage (vcc): 1.8 to 5.5
• Fpu: No
• Mpu / Mmu: no / no
• Timers: 3
• Output Compare Channels: 6
• Input Capture Channels: 1
• Pwm Channels: 6
• 32khz Rtc: Yes
• Calibrated Rc Oscillator: Yes

6.3.2
6.4
6.4.1
20
I/O Memory
ATmega644
Preventing EEPROM Corruption
General Purpose I/O Registers
During periods of low V
too low for the CPU and the EEPROM to operate properly. These issues are the same as for
board level systems using EEPROM, and the same design solutions should be applied.
An EEPROM data corruption can be caused by two situations when the voltage is too low. First,
a regular write sequence to the EEPROM requires a minimum voltage to operate correctly. Sec-
ondly, the CPU itself can execute instructions incorrectly, if the supply voltage is too low.
EEPROM data corruption can easily be avoided by following this design recommendation:
Keep the AVR RESET active (low) during periods of insufficient power supply voltage. This can
be done by enabling the internal Brown-out Detector (BOD). If the detection level of the internal
BOD does not match the needed detection level, an external low V
be used. If a reset occurs while a write operation is in progress, the write operation will be com-
pleted provided that the power supply voltage is sufficient.
The I/O space definition of the ATmega644 is shown in
All ATmega644 I/Os and peripherals are placed in the I/O space. All I/O locations may be
accessed by the LD/LDS/LDD and ST/STS/STD instructions, transferring data between the 32
general purpose working registers and the I/O space. I/O Registers within the address range
0x00 - 0x1F are directly bit-accessible using the SBI and CBI instructions. In these registers, the
value of single bits can be checked by using the SBIS and SBIC instructions. Refer to the
instruction set section for more details. When using the I/O specific commands IN and OUT, the
I/O addresses 0x00 - 0x3F must be used. When addressing I/O Registers as data space using
LD and ST instructions, 0x20 must be added to these addresses. The ATmega644 is a complex
microcontroller with more peripheral units than can be supported within the 64 location reserved
in Opcode for the IN and OUT instructions. For the Extended I/O space from 0x60 - 0xFF in
SRAM, only the ST/STS/STD and LD/LDS/LDD instructions can be used.
For compatibility with future devices, reserved bits should be written to zero if accessed.
Reserved I/O memory addresses should never be written.
Some of the Status Flags are cleared by writing a logical one to them. Note that, unlike most
other AVRs, the CBI and SBI instructions will only operate on the specified bit, and can therefore
be used on registers containing such Status Flags. The CBI and SBI instructions work with reg-
isters 0x00 to 0x1F only.
The I/O and peripherals control registers are explained in later sections.
The ATmega644 contains three General Purpose I/O Registers. These registers can be used for
storing any information, and they are particularly useful for storing global variables and Status
Flags. General Purpose I/O Registers within the address range 0x00 - 0x1F are directly bit-
accessible using the SBI, CBI, SBIS, and SBIC instructions.
CC,
the EEPROM data can be corrupted because the supply voltage is
”Register Summary” on page
CC
reset Protection circuit can
2593N–AVR–07/10
354.