ATMEGA16-16AUR Atmel, ATMEGA16-16AUR Datasheet - Page 106

MCU AVR 128KB FLASH 16MHZ 44TQFP

ATMEGA16-16AUR

Manufacturer Part Number
ATMEGA16-16AUR
Description
MCU AVR 128KB FLASH 16MHZ 44TQFP
Manufacturer
Atmel
Series
AVR® ATmegar
Datasheet

Specifications of ATMEGA16-16AUR

Core Processor
AVR
Core Size
8-Bit
Speed
16MHz
Connectivity
I²C, SPI, UART/USART
Peripherals
Brown-out Detect/Reset, POR, PWM, WDT
Number Of I /o
32
Program Memory Size
16KB (8K x 16)
Program Memory Type
FLASH
Eeprom Size
512 x 8
Ram Size
1K x 8
Voltage - Supply (vcc/vdd)
4.5 V ~ 5.5 V
Data Converters
A/D 8x10b
Oscillator Type
Internal
Operating Temperature
-40°C ~ 85°C
Package / Case
44-TQFP, 44-VQFP
For Use With
ATSTK600-TQFP44 - STK600 SOCKET/ADAPTER 44-TQFPATSTK500 - PROGRAMMER AVR STARTER KIT
Lead Free Status / RoHS Status
Lead free / RoHS Compliant

Available stocks

Company
Part Number
Manufacturer
Quantity
Price
Part Number:
ATMEGA16-16AUR
Manufacturer:
Encoders
Quantity:
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Part Number:
ATMEGA16-16AUR
Manufacturer:
Atmel
Quantity:
10 000
Phase and Frequency
Correct PWM Mode
2466T–AVR–07/10
the counter decrements. The PWM frequency for the output when using phase correct PWM can
be calculated by the following equation:
The N variable represents the prescaler divider (1, 8, 64, 256, or 1024).
The extreme values for the OCR1x Register represent special cases when generating a PWM
waveform output in the phase correct PWM mode. If the OCR1x is set equal to BOTTOM the
output will be continuously low and if set equal to TOP the output will be continuously high for
non-inverted PWM mode. For inverted PWM the output will have the opposite logic values. If
OCR1A is used to define the TOP value (WGM13:0 = 11) and COM1A1:0 = 1, the OC1A output
will toggle with a 50% duty cycle.
The phase and frequency correct Pulse Width Modulation, or phase and frequency correct PWM
mode (WGM13:0 = 8 or 9) provides a high resolution phase and frequency correct PWM wave-
form generation option. The phase and frequency correct PWM mode is, like the phase correct
PWM mode, based on a dual-slope operation. The counter counts repeatedly from BOTTOM
(0x0000) to TOP and then from TOP to BOTTOM. In non-inverting Compare Output mode, the
Output Compare (OC1x) is cleared on the compare match between TCNT1 and OCR1x while
upcounting, and set on the compare match while downcounting. In inverting Compare Output
mode, the operation is inverted. The dual-slope operation gives a lower maximum operation fre-
quency compared to the single-slope operation. However, due to the symmetric feature of the
dual-slope PWM modes, these modes are preferred for motor control applications.
The main difference between the phase correct, and the phase and frequency correct PWM
mode is the time the OCR1x Register is updated by the OCR1x Buffer Register, (see
and
The PWM resolution for the phase and frequency correct PWM mode can be defined by either
ICR1 or OCR1A. The minimum resolution allowed is 2-bit (ICR1 or OCR1A set to 0x0003), and
the maximum resolution is 16-bit (ICR1 or OCR1A set to MAX). The PWM resolution in bits can
be calculated using the following equation:
In phase and frequency correct PWM mode the counter is incremented until the counter value
matches either the value in ICR1 (WGM13:0 = 8), or the value in OCR1A (WGM13:0 = 9). The
counter has then reached the TOP and changes the count direction. The TCNT1 value will be
equal to TOP for one timer clock cycle. The timing diagram for the phase correct and frequency
correct PWM mode is shown on
mode when OCR1A or ICR1 is used to define TOP. The TCNT1 value is in the timing diagram
shown as a histogram for illustrating the dual-slope operation. The diagram includes non-
inverted and inverted PWM outputs. The small horizontal line marks on the TCNT1 slopes repre-
sent compare matches between OCR1x and TCNT1. The OC1x Interrupt Flag will be set when a
compare match occurs.
Figure
48).
Figure
R
f
OCnxPCPWM
PFCPWM
48. The figure shows phase and frequency correct PWM
=
log
---------------------------------- -
=
--------------------------- -
2 N TOP
(
log
TOP
f
clk_I/O
2 ( )
+
1
)
ATmega16(L)
Figure 47
106

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