PIC18C252-E/SO Microchip Technology, PIC18C252-E/SO Datasheet - Page 41

• Manufacturer Part Number: PIC18C252-E/SO
• Description: IC MCU OTP 16KX16 A/D 28SOIC
• Manufacturer: Microchip Technology
• Series: PIC® 18Cr

Specifications of PIC18C252-E/SO

• Core Processor: PIC
• Core Size: 8-Bit
• Speed: 40MHz
• Connectivity: I²C, SPI, UART/USART
• Peripherals: Brown-out Detect/Reset, LVD, POR, PWM, WDT
• Number Of I /o: 22
• Program Memory Size: 32KB (16K x 16)
• Program Memory Type: OTP
• Ram Size: 1.5K x 8
• Voltage - Supply (vcc/vdd): 4.2 V ~ 5.5 V
• Data Converters: A/D 5x10b
• Oscillator Type: External
• Operating Temperature: -40°C ~ 125°C
• Package / Case: 28-SOIC (7.5mm Width)
• Processor Series: PIC18C
• Core: PIC
• Data Bus Width: 8 bit
• Data Ram Size: 1.5 KB
• Interface Type: MSSP, SPI, I2C, USART
• Maximum Clock Frequency: 40 MHz
• Number Of Programmable I/os: 23
• Number Of Timers: 1 x 16 bit
• Operating Supply Voltage: 2.5 V to 5.5 V
• Maximum Operating Temperature: + 125 C
• Mounting Style: SMD/SMT
• 3rd Party Development Tools: 52715-96, 52716-328, 52717-734, 52712-325, EWPIC18
• Development Tools By Supplier: ICE2000, DM163022, DV164136
• Minimum Operating Temperature: - 40 C
• On-chip Adc: 5 bit
• For Use With: I3DB18C452 - BOARD DAUGHTER ICEPIC3
• Lead Free Status / RoHS Status: Lead free / RoHS Compliant
• Eeprom Size: -
• Lead Free Status / Rohs Status: Details
• Other names: PIC18C252E/SO

4.3
A "fast interrupt return" option is available for interrupts.
A Fast Register Stack is provided for the STATUS,
WREG and BSR registers and are only one in depth.
The stack is not readable or writable and is loaded with
the current value of the corresponding register when
the processor vectors for an interrupt. The values in the
registers are then loaded back into the working regis-
ters, if the FAST RETURN instruction is used to return
from the interrupt.
A low or high priority interrupt source will push values
into the stack registers. If both low and high priority
interrupts are enabled, the stack registers cannot be
used reliably for low priority interrupts. If a high priority
interrupt occurs while servicing a low priority interrupt,
the stack register values stored by the low priority inter-
rupt will be overwritten.
If high priority interrupts are not disabled during low pri-
ority interrupts, users must save the key registers in
software during a low priority interrupt.
If no interrupts are used, the fast register stack can be
used to restore the STATUS, WREG and BSR registers
at the end of a subroutine call. To use the fast register
stack for a subroutine call, a FAST CALL instruction
must be executed.
Example 4-1 shows a source code example that uses
the fast register stack.
EXAMPLE 4-1:
FIGURE 4-4:
CALL SUB1, FAST
SUB1
2001 Microchip Technology Inc.
OSC2/CLKOUT
RETURN FAST
Fast Register Stack
(RC mode)
OSC1
Q4
PC
Q2
Q3
Q1
FAST REGISTER STACK
CODE EXAMPLE
CLOCK/INSTRUCTION CYCLE
Q1
;STATUS, WREG, BSR
;SAVED IN FAST REGISTER
;STACK
;RESTORE VALUES SAVED
;IN FAST REGISTER STACK
Execute INST (PC-2)
Fetch INST (PC)
Q2
PC
Q3
Q4
Q1
Execute INST (PC)
Fetch INST (PC+2)
Q2
PC+2
4.4
The program counter (PC) specifies the address of the
instruction to fetch for execution. The PC is 21-bits
wide. The low byte is called the PCL register. This reg-
ister is readable and writable. The high byte is called
the PCH register. This register contains the PC<15:8>
bits and is not directly readable or writable. Updates to
the PCH register may be performed through the
PCLATH register. The upper byte is called PCU. This
register contains the PC<20:16> bits and is not directly
readable or writable. Updates to the PCU register may
be performed through the PCLATU register.
The PC addresses bytes in the program memory. To
prevent the PC from becoming misaligned with word
instructions, the LSB of PCL is fixed to a value of ’0’.
The PC increments by 2 to address sequential instruc-
tions in the program memory.
The CALL,
instructions write to the program counter directly. For
these instructions, the contents of PCLATH and
PCLATU are not transferred to the program counter.
The contents of PCLATH and PCLATU will be trans-
ferred to the program counter by an operation that
writes PCL. Similarly, the upper two bytes of the pro-
gram counter will be transferred to PCLATH and
PCLATU by an operation that reads PCL. This is useful
for computed offsets to the PC (see Section 4.8.1).
4.5
The clock input (from OSC1) is internally divided by
four to generate four non-overlapping quadrature
clocks, namely Q1, Q2, Q3 and Q4. Internally, the pro-
gram counter (PC) is incremented every Q1, the
instruction is fetched from the program memory and
latched into the instruction register in Q4. The instruc-
tion is decoded and executed during the following Q1
through Q4. The clocks and instruction execution flow
is shown in Figure 4-4.
Q3
Q4
PCL, PCLATH and PCLATU
Clocking Scheme/Instruction
Cycle
Q1
RCALL,
Execute INST (PC+2)
Fetch INST (PC+4)
Q2
PC+4
PIC18CXX2
GOTO and program branch
Q3
Q4
DS39026C-page 39
Internal
Phase
Clock