TSM1051 STMicroelectronics, TSM1051 Datasheet - Page 6

• Manufacturer Part Number: TSM1051
• Description: CONSTANT VOLTAGE AND CONSTANT CURRENT CONTROLLER FOR BATTERY CHARGERS AND ADAPTORS
• Manufacturer: STMicroelectronics

1. Voltage and Current Control
1.1. Voltage Control
The voltage loop is controlled via a first transcon-
ductance operational amplifier, the resistor bridge
R1, R2, and the optocoupler which is directly con-
nected to the output.
The relation between the values of R1 and R2
should be chosen as written in Equation 1.
R1 = R2 x Vref / (Vout - Vref)
Where Vout is the desired output voltage.
To avoid the discharge of the load, the resistor
bridge R1, R2 should be highly resistive. For this
type of application, a total value of 100K
more) would be appropriate for the resistors R1
and R2.
As an example, with R2 = 100K , Vout = 4.10V,
Vref = 1.210V, then R1 = 41.9K .
Note that if the low drop diode should be inserted
between the load and the voltage regulation resis-
tor bridge to avoid current flowing from the load
through the resistor bridge, this drop should be
taken into account in the above calculations by re-
placing Vout by (Vout + Vdrop).
1.2. Current Control
The current loop is controlled via the second
trans-conductance
sense resistor Rsense, and the optocoupler.
The control equation verifies:
Rsense x Ilim = Vsense
Rsense = Vsense / Ilim
where Ilim is the desired limited current, and
Vsense is the threshold voltage for the current
control loop.
As an example, with Ilim = 1A, Vsense = -200mV,
then Rsense = 200m .
Note that the Rsense resistor should be chosen
taking into account the maximum dissipation
(Plim) through it during full load operation.
Plim = Vsense x Ilim.
As an example, with Ilim = 1A, and Vsense =
200mV, Plim = 200mW.
Therefore, for most adapter and battery charger
applications, a quarter-watt, or half-watt resistor to
make the current sensing function is sufficient.
PRINCIPLE OF OPERATION AND APPLICATION HINTS
operational
amplifier,
eq2’
eq3
eq2
Eq1
the
(or
Vsense threshold is achieved internally by a re-
sistor bridge tied to the Vref voltage reference. Its
middle point is tied to the positive input of the cur-
rent control operational amplifier, and its foot is to
be connected to lower potential point of the sense
resistor as shown on the following figure. The re-
sistors of this bridge are matched to provide the
best precision possible.
The current sinking outputs of the two trans-con-
ductance operational amplifiers are common (to
the output of the IC). This makes an ORing func-
tion which ensures that whenever the current or
the voltage reaches too high values, the optocou-
pler is activated.
The relation between the controlled current and
the controlled output voltage can be described
with a square characteristic as shown in the fol-
lowing V/I output-power graph.
Figure 9 : Output voltage versus output current
2. Compensation
The voltage-control trans-conductance operation-
al amplifier can be fully compensated. Both of its
output and negative input are directly accessible
for external compensation components.
An example of a suitable compensation network is
shown in Fig.2. It consists of a capacitor
Cvc1=2.2nF and a resistor Rcv1=470K in series,
0
TSM1051 Vcc : independent power supply
Vout
Secondary current regulation
Voltage regulation
TSM1051 Vcc : On power output
Primary current regulation
TSM1051
Iout
6/9