micrf501 Micrel Semiconductor, micrf501 Datasheet

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micrf501

Manufacturer Part Number
micrf501
Description
300mhz To 600mhz Radiowire? Rf Transceiver
Manufacturer
Micrel Semiconductor
Datasheet
General Description
The MICRF501 is a single chip tranceiver intended for ISM
(Industrial, Scientific and Medical) and SRD (Short Range
Device) frequency bands from 300MHz to 600MHz with FSK
data rates up to 128k baud.
The transmitter consists of a PLL frequency synthesizer and
a power amplifier. The frequency synthesizer consists of a
voltage-controlled oscillator (VCO), a crystal oscillator, dual-
modulus prescaler, programmable frequency dividers and a
phase-detector. The loop filter is external for flexibility and
can be a simple passive circuit. The VCO is a Colpitts
oscillator which requires an external resonator and varactor.
FSK modulation can be applied externally to the VCO or the
crystal oscillator. The synthesizer has two different N, M and
A frequency dividers. FSK modulation can also be imple-
mented by switching between these dividers (max. 2400bps).
The lengths of the N and M and A registers are 12, 10 and 6
bits respectively. For all types of FSK modulation, data is
entered at the DATAIXO pin (see application circuit). The
output power of the power amplifier can be programmed to
eight levels. A lock-detect circuit detects when the PLL is in
lock.
In receive mode the PLL synthesizer generates the local
oscillator (LO) signal. The N, M and A values that give the LO
frequency are stored in the N0, M0 and A0 registers. The
receiver is a zero intermediate frequency (IF) type in order to
make channel filtering possible with low-power integrated
low-pass filters. The receiver consists of a low noise amplifier
(LNA) that drives a quadrature mixer pair. The mixer outputs
feed two identical signal channels in phase quadrature. Each
channel includes a preamplifier, a third order Sallen-Key RC
low pass filter that protects the following gyrator filter from
strong adjacent channel signals and finally, a limiter. The
main channel filter is a gyrator capacitor implementation of a
seven-pole elliptic low pass filter. The elliptic filter minimizes
the total capacitance required for a given selectivity and
dynamic range. The cut-off frequency of the Sallen-Key RC
filter can be programmed to four different frequencies: 10kHz,
30kHz, 60kHz and 200kHz. An external resistor adjusts the
cut-off frequency of the gyrator filter. The demodulator de-
modulates the I and Q channel outputs and produces a digital
data output. It detects the relative phase of the I and the Q
channel signal. If the I channel signal lags the Q channel, the
FSK tone frequency lies above the LO frequency (data ‘1’). If
the I channel leads the Q channel, the FSK tone lies below the
LO frequency (data ‘0’). The output of the receiver is available
on the DATAIXO pin. A RSSI (Receive Signal Strength
Indicator) circuit indicates the received signal level.
March 2003
MICRF501
RadioWire is a trademark of Micrel, Inc.
Micrel, Inc. • 1849 Fortune Drive • San Jose, CA 95131 • USA • tel + 1 (408) 944-0800 • fax + 1 (408) 944-0970 • http://www.micrel.com
1
A two pin serial interface is used to program the circuit.
External components are necessary for RF input and output
impedance matching and decoupling of power. Other exter-
nal components are the VCO resonator circuit with varactor,
crystal, feedback capacitors and components for FSK modu-
lation with the VCO, loop filter, bias resistors for the power
amplifier and gyrator filters. A T/R switch can be implemented
with 2-pin diodes. This gives maximum input sensitivity and
transmit output power.
Features
• Frequency range: 300MHz to 600MHz
• Modulation: FSK
• RF output power: 12dBm
• Sensitivity (19.2k bauds, BER=10
• Maximum data rate: 128k bauds
Applications
• Telemetry
• Remote metering
• Wireless controller
• Wireless data repeaters
• Remote control systems
• Wireless modem
• Wireless security system
Ordering Information
300MHz to 600MHz RadioWire™ RF Transceiver
Part Number
MICRF501BLQ
Ambient Temp. Range
MICRF501
–40°C to +85°C
Final
-3
): –105dBm
44-Lead LQFP
RadioWire™
Package
MICRF501
Micrel

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micrf501 Summary of contents

Page 1

... MICRF501 General Description The MICRF501 is a single chip tranceiver intended for ISM (Industrial, Scientific and Medical) and SRD (Short Range Device) frequency bands from 300MHz to 600MHz with FSK data rates up to 128k baud. The transmitter consists of a PLL frequency synthesizer and a power amplifier ...

Page 2

... XOSCIN 13 XOSCOUT 14 LD_C 15 LOCKDET 16 RSSI 17 PDEXT 18 DATAC 19 DATAIXO 20 CLKIN 21 REGIN 22 DIGVDD 23 DIGGND MICRF501 IFGND 1 2 IFVDD OSCIN 7 8 GND 9 10 CMPR 11 MOD 44-Pin LQFP (BLQ) Pin Function IF Ground IF Power ...

Page 3

... I-Channel Mixer Positive Output I-Channel Mixer Negative Output I-Channel IF Amplifier Positive Input I-Channel IF Amplifier Negative Input Q-Channel Mixer Positive Output Q-Channel Mixer Negative Output Q-Channel IF Amplifier Positive Input Q-Channel IF Amplifier Negative Input I-Channel Amplifier Capacitor Q-channel Amplifier Capacitor Gyrator Filter Resistor 3 Micrel MICRF501 ...

Page 4

... Transmit Data Rate (ext. modulation) Note 4 Transmit Data Rate (int. modulation) Note 5 Frequency Deviation to Modulation Rate Ratio unfiltered FSK Current Consumption Transmit Mode 10 dBm, R MICRF501 Operating Ratings (Note 1) Supply Voltage (V Ambient Temperature (T Package Thermal Resistance TQFP(θ = 25°C, unless otherwise specified. = –500µA = 500µA = – ...

Page 5

... I (mA) TOT 5 Micrel Min Typ Max Units 6 –105 dBm –41 dBm –31 dBm Ω 26-j77 60 dB 0 TBD TBD dB 175 kHz µA 300 MICRF501 ...

Page 6

... MICRF501 Functional Diagram MICRF501 LNA PA 90° Prescaler 32/33 N-counter Filters S I Gyrator Filters LD VCO Demod Figure 1. Transceiver Internal Blocks Logic ...

Page 7

... RFIN 29 RFVDD 28 RFGND C4 R14 27 100p 1k RFOUT 26 C25 PABIAS 25 470p PA_C L4 24 68n DIGGND 23 C31 C32 15p 2. 10n R3 C3 10Ω 100p V DD Micrel C30 47p L2 ant-switch 15n D2 MA4P-789-1141 C29 L3 18p 47n ANT C34 47p D3 MA4P789-1141 C33 R15 5.6p 3. MICRF501 ...

Page 8

... R10 8.2kΩ R11 150kΩ R12 3.3kΩ R13 270kΩ R14 1kΩ R15 3.6kΩ R16 1kΩ C1 1nF C2 100pF C4 100pF C5 100pF MICRF501 Component Values C6 100pF C8 4.7nF C9 1nF C10 1nF C11 1nF C12 1nF C13 15pF C15 6.8nF C16 100nF C17 470pF ...

Page 9

... Lock Detector The MICRF501 circuit has a lock detector feature that indi- cates whether the PLL is in lock or not. A logic high on Pin 15 (LOCKDET) means that the PLL is in lock. The phase detector output is converted into a voltage that is filtered by the external capacitor C23, connected to Pin 14, LDC ...

Page 10

... It is not possible to tune the crystal oscillator over a large frequency range and A values must therefore be chosen to give a RF frequency MICRF501 very close to the desired frequency. Because of the small tuning range the VCO will not go out of lock when tuning the crystal oscillator ...

Page 11

... OutS2, OutS1, OutS0 must be set to 110. When QchOut is used to switch the Tx loop filter to ground, neither QchOut nor IchOut can be used as test pins to look at the different receiver 11 R102 22k R8 47k Pin9 C16 C15 C116 C115 C103 100n 6.8n 33n 1.5n 150p Pin10 R10 R109 6.2k 6.2k R9 6.2k Pin4 Figure 7. Dual-Loop Filters MICRF501 Micrel towards_VCO ...

Page 12

... The LNA has a dc feedback loop, which provides bias for the LNA. The external capacitor C26 decouples and MICRF501 stabilizes the overall dc feedback loop, which has a large low frequency loop gain. Figure 8 shows the input impedance of the LNA ...

Page 13

... Another application for which the RSSI could be used is to determine if transmit power can be reduced in a system. If the RSSI detects a strong signal, it could tell the transmitter to reduce the transmit power to reduce current consumption 30kHz 1). DEV 2.2 2 1.8 1.6 1.4 1.2 1 0.8 0.6 PIN (dBm) MICRF501 Micrel ...

Page 14

... OutS1 OutS0 Mod1 MICRF501 interface consists of an 80-bit programming register. Data is entered on the REGIN line with the most significant bit first. The first bit entered is called p1, the last one p80. The bits in the programming register are arranged as shown in Table 1. ...

Page 15

... OutS0 IchOut QchOut high Z high sk_ich sk_qch gm_ich gm_qch lim_ich lim_qch Table 2. Bit Description 15 OutS2 OutS1 OutS0 IchOut lim_qch gm_ich high N_div = f deviation comparison MICRF501 Micrel QchOut gm_qch lim_ich Dual LF M_div ...

Page 16

... The power amplifier is fully turned on. MICRF501 6. A new control word is entered into the first register. A transition on the REGIN signal when CLKIN is high will now turn the power amplifier off. ...

Page 17

... R and C values need to be chosen so that the voltage on the Mod0 RT Pu PDEXT pin is lower then VDD/2 when the control word is loaded into the parallel register. (See Figure 10 011011 011011 000010001111 000010001111 0001101010 0001101010 011110000000001100000011 011011 011011 000010001111 000010001111 0001101010 0001101010 011110000000001100000001 Micrel MICRF501 ...

Page 18

... A Purchaser’s use or sale of Micrel Products for use in life support appliances, devices or systems is at Purchaser’s own risk and Purchaser agrees to fully indemnify MICRF501 0.551±0.012 (14.0± ...

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