PIC16F505 Microchip Technology, PIC16F505 Datasheet - Page 11

• Manufacturer Part Number: PIC16F505
• Description: (PIC1xF50x) 8-Bit Flash Microcontrollers
• Manufacturer: Microchip Technology

3.0
The high performance of the PIC12F508/509/16F505
devices can be attributed to a number of architectural
features commonly found in RISC microprocessors.
To begin with, the PIC12F508/509/16F505 devices
use a Harvard architecture in which program and data
are accessed on separate buses. This improves
bandwidth over traditional von Neumann architec-
tures where program and data are fetched on the
same bus. Separating program and data memory fur-
ther allows instructions to be sized differently than the
8-bit wide data word. Instruction opcodes are 12 bits
wide, making it possible to have all single-word
instructions. A 12-bit wide program memory access
bus fetches a 12-bit instruction in a single cycle. A
two-stage pipeline overlaps fetch and execution of
instructions. Consequently, all instructions (33)
4 MHz) except for program branches.
The Table below lists program memory (Flash) and
data memory (RAM) for the PIC12F508/509/16F505
devices.
TABLE 3-1:
The PIC12F508/509/16F505 devices can directly or
indirectly address its register files and data memory. All
Special Function Registers (SFR), including the PC,
are mapped in the data memory. The PIC12F508/509/
16F505 devices have a highly orthogonal (symmetri-
cal) instruction set that makes it possible to carry out
any operation, on any register, using any addressing
mode. This symmetrical nature and lack of “special
optimal situations” make programming with the
PIC12F508/509/16F505 devices simple, yet efficient.
In addition, the learning curve is reduced significantly.
 2004 Microchip Technology Inc.
execute in a single cycle (200 ns @ 20 MHz, 1 s @
PIC12F508
PIC12F509
PIC16F505
Device
ARCHITECTURAL OVERVIEW
PIC12F508/509/16F505
MEMORY
1024 x 12
1024 x 12
Program
512 x 12
Memory
25 x 8
41 x 8
72 x 8
Data
Preliminary
PIC12F508/509/16F505
The PIC12F508/509/16F505 devices contain an 8-bit
ALU and working register. The ALU is a general
purpose arithmetic unit. It performs arithmetic and
Boolean functions between data in the working register
and any register file.
The ALU is 8 bits wide and capable of addition, subtrac-
tion, shift and logical operations. Unless otherwise
mentioned, arithmetic operations are two’s comple-
ment in nature. In two-operand instructions, one
operand is typically the W (working) register. The other
operand is either a file register or an immediate
constant. In single operand instructions, the operand is
either the W register or a file register.
The W register is an 8-bit working register used for ALU
operations. It is not an addressable register.
Depending on the instruction executed, the ALU may
affect the values of the Carry (C), Digit Carry (DC) and
Zero (Z) bits in the Status register. The C and DC bits
operate as a borrow and digit borrow out bit, respec-
tively, in subtraction. See the SUBWF and ADDWF
instructions for examples.
A simplified block diagram is shown in Figure 3-2, with
the corresponding device pins described in Table 3-3.
DS41236A-page 9