LM3445MMX/NOPB National Semiconductor, LM3445MMX/NOPB Datasheet - Page 12

• Manufacturer Part Number: LM3445MMX/NOPB
• Description: IC LED DRIVER TRIAC DIMM 10-MSOP
• Manufacturer: National Semiconductor
• Series: PowerWise®r
• Type: Triac Dimmabler

Specifications of LM3445MMX/NOPB

• Mfg Application Notes: LM3445 Reference Design
• Constant Current: Yes
• Topology: PWM, Step-Down (Buck)
• Number Of Outputs: 1
• Internal Driver: No
• Type - Secondary: High Brightness LED (HBLED)
• Frequency: 30kHz ~ 1MHz
• Voltage - Supply: 8 V ~ 12 V
• Mounting Type: Surface Mount
• Package / Case: 10-MSOP, Micro10™, 10-uMAX, 10-uSOP
• Operating Temperature: -40°C ~ 125°C
• Current - Output / Channel: 1A
• Internal Switch(s): Yes
• Efficiency: 85%
• Operating Temperature (min): -40C
• Operating Temperature (max): 125C
• Operating Temperature Classification: Automotive
• Package Type: MSOP
• Pin Count: 10
• Mounting: Surface Mount
• Operating Supply Voltage (max): 12V
• For Use With: LM3445-220VEVAL - BOARD EVAL LM3445 220VLM3445-120VSMEV - BOARD EVAL LM3445 110VLM3445TRIACEVAL - BOARD EVAL LM3445MM
• Lead Free Status / RoHS Status: Lead free / RoHS Compliant
• Voltage - Output: -
• Lead Free Status / Rohs Status: Compliant
• Other names: LM3445MMX

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The valley-fill circuit allows the buck regulator to draw power
throughout a larger portion of the AC line. This allows the ca-
pacitance needed at V
valley-fill circuit, and adds passive power factor correction
(PFC) to the application. Besides better power factor correc-
tion, a valley-fill circuit allows the buck converter to operate
while separate circuitry translates the dimming information.
This allows for dimming that isn’t subject to 120Hz flicker that
can be perceived by the human eye.
VALLEY-FILL OPERATION
When the “input line is high”, power is derived directly through
D3. The term “input line is high” can be explained as follows.
The valley-fill circuit charges capacitors C7 and C9 in series
(see figure 9) when the input line is high.
The peak voltage of a two stage valley-fill capacitor is:
As the AC line decreases from its peak value every cycle,
there will be a point where the voltage magnitude of the AC
line is equal to the voltage that each capacitor is charged. At
this point diode D3 becomes reversed biased, and the ca-
pacitors are placed in parallel to each other (figure 10), and
V
FIGURE 10. Two stage Valley-Fill Circuit when AC Line is
FIGURE 9. Two stage Valley-Fill Circuit when AC Line is
BUCK
equals the capacitor voltage.
BUCK
High
to be lower than if there were no
Low
30060319
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A three stage valley-fill circuit performs exactly the same as
two-stage valley-fill circuit except now three capacitors are
now charged in series, and when the line voltage decreases
to:
Diode D3 is reversed biased and three capacitors are in par-
allel to each other.
The valley-fill circuit can be optimized for power factor, volt-
age hold up and overall application size and cost. The
LM3445 will operate with a single stage or a three stage val-
ley-fill circuit as well. Resistor R8 functions as a current
limiting resistor during start-up, and during the transition from
series to parallel connection. Resistors R6 and R7 are 1 MΩ
bleeder resistors, and may or may not be necessary for each
application.
BUCK CONVERTER
The LM3445 is a buck controller that uses a proprietary con-
stant off-time method to maintain constant current through a
string of LEDs. While transistor Q2 is on, current ramps up
through the inductor and LED string. A resistor R3 senses this
current and this voltage is compared to the reference voltage
at FLTR2. When this sensed voltage is equal to the reference
voltage, transistor Q2 is turned off and diode D10 conducts
the current through the inductor and LEDs. Capacitor C12
eliminates most of the ripple current seen in the inductor. Re-
sistor R4, capacitor C11, and transistor Q3 provide a linear
current ramp that sets the constant off-time for a given output
voltage.