LM2598S-ADJ National Semiconductor, LM2598S-ADJ Datasheet

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LM2598S-ADJ

Manufacturer Part Number
LM2598S-ADJ
Description
SIMPLE SWITCHER Power Converter 150 kHz 1A Step-Down Voltage Regulator/ with Features
Manufacturer
National Semiconductor
Datasheet

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© 1999 National Semiconductor Corporation
LM2598
SIMPLE SWITCHER
1A Step-Down Voltage Regulator, with Features
General Description
The LM2598 series of regulators are monolithic integrated
circuits that provide all the active functions for a step-down
(buck) switching regulator, capable of driving a 1A load with
excellent line and load regulation. These devices are avail-
able in fixed output voltages of 3.3V, 5V, 12V, and an adjust-
able output version.
This series of switching regulators is similar to the LM2595
series, with additional supervisory and performance features
added.
Requiring a minimum number of external components, these
regulators are simple to use and include internal frequency
compensation
fixed-frequency oscillator, Shutdown /Soft-start, error flag
delay and error flag output.
The LM2598 series operates at a switching frequency of 150
kHz thus allowing smaller sized filter components than what
would be needed with lower frequency switching regulators.
Available in a standard 7-lead TO-220 package with several
different lead bend options, and a 7-lead TO-263 surface
mount package. Typically, for output voltages less than 12V,
and ambient temperatures less than 50˚C, no heat sink is re-
quired.
A standard series of inductors (both through hole and sur-
face mount types) are available from several different manu-
facturers optimized for use with the LM2598 series. This fea-
ture greatly simplifies the design of switch-mode power
supplies.
Other features include a guaranteed
put voltage under all conditions of input voltage and output
load conditions, and
Typical Application
SIMPLE SWITCHER
Patent Number 5,382,918.
®
, improved line and load specifications,
and Switchers Made Simple
±
15% on the oscillator frequency. Ex-
®
(Fixed Output Voltage Versions)
are registered trademarks of National Semiconductor Corporation.
±
4% tolerance on out-
DS012593
®
Power Converter 150 kHz
ternal shutdown is included, featuring typically 85 µA
standby current. Self protection features include a two stage
current limit for the output switch and an over temperature
shutdown for complete protection under fault conditions.
Features
n 3.3V, 5V, 12V, and adjustable output versions
n Adjustable version output voltage range, 1.2V to 37V
n Guaranteed 1A output current
n Available in 7-pin TO-220 and TO-263 (surface mount)
n Input voltage range up to 40V
n Excellent line and load regulation specifications
n 150 kHz fixed frequency internal oscillator
n Shutdown /Soft-start
n Out of regulation error flag
n Error output delay
n Low power standby mode, I
n High Efficiency
n Uses readily available standard inductors
n Thermal shutdown and current limit protection
Applications
n Simple high-efficiency step-down (buck) regulator
n Efficient pre-regulator for linear regulators
n On-card switching regulators
n Positive to Negative converter
±
package
4% max over line and load conditions
Q
typically 85 µA
DS012593-1
www.national.com
March 1998

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LM2598S-ADJ Summary of contents

Page 1

... Patent Number 5,382,918. SIMPLE SWITCHER ® and Switchers Made Simple ® are registered trademarks of National Semiconductor Corporation. © 1999 National Semiconductor Corporation DS012593 Power Converter 150 kHz ® ternal shutdown is included, featuring typically 85 µA standby current. Self protection features include a two stage current limit for the output switch and an over temperature shutdown for complete protection under fault conditions ...

Page 2

... Connection Diagrams and Order Information Bent and Staggered Leads, Through Hole Package 7-Lead TO-220 (T) Order Number LM2598T-3.3, LM2598T-5.0, LM2598T-12 or LM2598T-ADJ See NS Package Number TA07B www.national.com Surface Mount Package 7-Lead TO-263 (S) DS012593-50 Order Number LM2598S-3.3, LM2598S-5.0, LM2598S-12 or LM2598S-ADJ See NS Package Number TS7B 2 DS012593-22 ...

Page 3

... Absolute Maximum Ratings If Military/Aerospace specified devices are required, please contact the National Semiconductor Sales Office/ Distributors for availability and specifications. Maximum Supply Voltage ( SD/SS Pin Input Voltage (Note 2) Delay Pin Voltage (Note 2) Flag Pin Voltage Feedback Pin Voltage Output Voltage to Ground ...

Page 4

LM2598-ADJ Electrical Characteristics Specifications with standard type face are for T ture Range. Symbol Parameter SYSTEM PARAMETERS (Note 6) Test Circuit Figure 1 V Feedback Voltage 4.5V FB programmed for 3V. Circuit of Figure OUT = 12V, ...

Page 5

... Note 14: Junction to ambient thermal resistance with the TO-263 package tab soldered to a single sided printed circuit board with 2.5 in Note 15: Junction to ambient thermal resistance with the TO-263 package tab soldered to a double sided printed circuit board with 3 in the LM2598S side of the board, and approximately Switchers Made Simple ® ...

Page 6

Typical Performance Characteristics Normalized Output Voltage DS012593-2 Switch Saturation Voltage DS012593-15 Operating Quiescent Current DS012593-4 Feedback Pin Bias Current DS012593-49 www.national.com (Circuit of Figure 1 ) Line Regulation DS012593-3 Switch Current Limit DS012593-16 Shutdown Quiescent Current DS012593-5 Flag Saturation Voltage ...

Page 7

Typical Performance Characteristics Soft-start DS012593-9 Soft-start Response DS012593-12 Typical Performance Characteristics Continuous Mode Switching Waveforms = 20V 5V OUT LOAD µ 120 µF, C ESR = 100 m ...

Page 8

Typical Performance Characteristics Load Transient Response for Continuous Mode = 20V 5V 250 mA to 750 OUT LOAD µ 120 µF, C ESR = 100 m OUT OUT ...

Page 9

Test Circuit and Layout Guidelines = 15V 5V, I Component Values shown are for V IN OUT 120 µF, 50V, Aluminum Electrolytic Nichicon “PL Series” 120 µF, 35V Aluminum Electrolytic, Nichicon “PL Series” 3A, 40V Schottky Rectifier, 1N5822 ...

Page 10

Test Circuit and Layout Guidelines (Continued any switching regulator, layout is very important. Rap- idly switching currents associated with wiring inductance can generate voltage transients which can cause problems. For minimal inductance and ground loops, the wires indicated ...

Page 11

LM2598 Series Buck Regulator Design Procedure (Fixed Output) PROCEDURE (Fixed Output Voltage Version simplify the capacitor selection procedure, refer to the quick design component selection table shown in Figure 2 . This table contains different input voltages, output ...

Page 12

LM2598 Series Buck Regulator Design Procedure (Fixed Output) PROCEDURE (Fixed Output Voltage Version) 4. Input Capacitor ( low ESR aluminum or tantalum bypass capacitor is needed between the input pin and ground to prevent large voltage transients ...

Page 13

LM2598 Series Buck Regulator Design Procedure (Adjustable Output) PROCEDURE (Adjustable Output Voltage Version) Given: = Regulated Output Voltage V OUT (max) = Maximum Input Voltage V IN (max) = Maximum Load Current I LOAD F = Switching Frequency (Fixed at ...

Page 14

LM2598 Series Buck Regulator Design Procedure (Adjustable Output) (Continued) PROCEDURE (Adjustable Output Voltage Version simplify the capacitor selection procedure, refer to the quick design table shown in Figure 3 . This table contains dif- ferent output voltages, and ...

Page 15

LM2598 Series Buck Regulator Design Procedure (Adjustable Output) (Continued) PROCEDURE (Adjustable Output Voltage Version) 6. Input Capacitor ( low ESR aluminum or tantalum bypass capacitor is needed between the input pin and ground to prevent large voltage ...

Page 16

LM2598 Series Buck Regulator Design Procedure INDUCTOR VALUE SELECTION GUIDES (For Continuous Mode Operation) FIGURE 4. LM2598-3.3 FIGURE 5. LM2598-5.0 www.national.com DS012593-25 FIGURE 6. LM2598-12 DS012593-26 FIGURE 7. LM2598-ADJ 16 DS012593-27 DS012593-28 ...

Page 17

LM2598 Series Buck Regulator Design Procedure Inductance Current Schott (µH) (A) Through Hole L4 68 0.32 67143940 L5 47 0.37 67148310 L6 33 0.44 67148320 L9 220 0.32 67143960 L10 150 0.39 67143970 L11 100 0.48 67143980 L12 68 0.58 ...

Page 18

LM2598 Series Buck Regulator Design Procedure Coilcraft Inc. Coilcraft Inc., Europe Pulse Engineering Inc. Pulse Engineering Inc., Europe Renco Electronics Inc. Schott Corp. FIGURE 9. Inductor Manufacturers Phone Numbers Nichicon Corp. Panasonic AVX Corp. Sprague/Vishay FIGURE 10. Capacitor Manufacturers Phone ...

Page 19

Block Diagram Application Information PIN FUNCTIONS +V (Pin 2) — This is the positive input supply for the IC IN switching regulator. A suitable input bypass capacitor must be present at this pin to minimize voltage transients and to supply ...

Page 20

Application Information the narrow pulses and ramp controlled manner. This is a very useful feature in some switcher topologies that re- quire large startup currents (such as the inverting configura- tion) which can load down the input ...

Page 21

Application Information (Continued) DELAY CAPACITOR C — Provides delay for the error flag output. See the DELAY upper curve in Figure 13 , and also refer to timing diagrams in Figure capacitor on this pin provides a ...

Page 22

Application Information A graph shown in Figure 15 shows the relationship between an electrolytic capacitor value, its voltage rating, and the RMS current it is rated for. These curves were obtained from the Nichicon “PL” series of low ESR, high ...

Page 23

Application Information (Continued) FIGURE 18 Peak-to-Peak Inductor IND Ripple Current (as a Percentage of the Load Current) vs Load Current By allowing the percentage of inductor ripple current to in- crease for low load currents, the inductor ...

Page 24

Application Information mended. (See Figure 1 .) The inductance required is typically between 1 µH and 5 µH, with low DC resistance, to maintain good load regulation. A low ESR output filter capacitor is also required to assure good dynamic ...

Page 25

Application Information (Continued) These magnetic lines of flux will induce a voltage into any wire or PC board copper trace that comes within the induc- tor’s magnetic field. The strength of the magnetic field, the orientation and location of the ...

Page 26

... PC-board with large copper areas are recommended. The curves shown in Figure 22 show the LM2598S (TO-263 package) junction temperature rise above ambient tempera- ture with a 1A load for various input and output voltages. This ...

Page 27

Application Information (Continued) FIGURE 25. Typical Circuit Using Shutdown /Soft-start and Error Flag Features FIGURE 26. Inverting −5V Regulator With Shutdown and Soft-start lNVERTING REGULATOR The circuit in Figure 26 converts a positive input voltage to a negative output voltage ...

Page 28

Application Information FIGURE 27. Maximum Load Current for Inverting Regulator Circuit An additional diode is required in this regulator configuration. Diode D1 is used to isolate input voltage ripple or noise from coupling through the C capacitor to the output, ...

Page 29

Application Information (Continued) hundred mA on the regulated positive output for the charge pump to work correctly. Also, resistor R1 is required to limit the charging current some value less than the LM2598 current limit (typically 1.5A). ...

Page 30

Application Information TYPICAL THROUGH HOLE PC BOARD LAYOUT, FIXED OUTPUT (1X SIZE), DOUBLE SIDED, THROUGH HOLE C — 150 µF/50V Aluminum Electrolytic, Panasonic “HFQ series” — 120 µF/25V Aluminum Electrolytic, Panasonic “HFQ series” OUT D1 — 3A, 40V ...

Page 31

Application Information (Continued) TYPICAL THROUGH HOLE PC BOARD LAYOUT, ADJUSTABLE OUTPUT (1X SIZE), DOUBLE SIDED, C — 150 µF/50V, Aluminum Electrolytic, Panasonic “HFQ series” — 120 µF/25V Aluminum Electrolytic, Panasonic “HFQ series” OUT D1 — 3A, 40V Schottky ...

Page 32

Physical Dimensions inches (millimeters) unless otherwise noted www.national.com 7-Lead TO-220 (T) Order Number LM2598T-3.3, LM2598T-5.0, LM2598T-12 or LM2598T-ADJ NS Package Number TA07B 32 ...

Page 33

... Physical Dimensions inches (millimeters) unless otherwise noted (Continued) Order Number LM2598S-3.3, LM2598S-5.0, LM2598S-12 or LM2598S-ADJ LIFE SUPPORT POLICY NATIONAL’S PRODUCTS ARE NOT AUTHORIZED FOR USE AS CRITICAL COMPONENTS IN LIFE SUPPORT DEVICES OR SYSTEMS WITHOUT THE EXPRESS WRITTEN APPROVAL OF THE PRESIDENT AND GENERAL COUNSEL OF NATIONAL SEMICONDUCTOR CORPORATION. As used herein: 1 ...

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