AD724 Analog Devices, AD724 Datasheet

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AD724

Manufacturer Part Number
AD724
Description
RGB to NTSC/PAL Encoder
Manufacturer
Analog Devices
Datasheet

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a
PRODUCT DESCRIPTION
The AD724 is a low cost RGB to NTSC/PAL Encoder that
converts red, green and blue color component signals into their
corresponding luminance (baseband amplitude) and chromi-
nance (subcarrier amplitude and phase) signals in accordance
with either NTSC or PAL standards. These two outputs are also
combined to provide composite video output. All three outputs can
simultaneously drive 75 , reverse-terminated cables. All logi-
cal inputs are TTL, 3 V and 5 V CMOS compatible. The chip
REV. B
Information furnished by Analog Devices is believed to be accurate and
reliable. However, no responsibility is assumed by Analog Devices for its
use, nor for any infringements of patents or other rights of third parties
which may result from its use. No license is granted by implication or
otherwise under any patent or patent rights of Analog Devices.
FEATURES
Low Cost, Integrated Solution
+5 V Operation
Accepts FSC Clock or Crystal, or 4FSC Clock
Composite Video and Separate Y/C (S-Video) Outputs
Luma and Chroma Outputs Are Time Aligned
Minimal External Components:
Phase Lock to External Subcarrier
Drives 75
Logic Selectable NTSC or PAL Encoding Modes
Compact 16-Lead SOIC
APPLICATIONS
RGB to NTSC or PAL Encoding
NTSC/PAL
CARRIER
No External Filters or Delay Lines Required
Onboard DC Clamp
Accepts Either HSYNC and VSYNC or CSYNC
GREEN
HSYNC
VSYNC
BLUE
SUB-
RED
4FSC
FSC
Reverse-Terminated Loads
CLAMP
CLAMP
CLAMP
4FSC
4FSC
DC
DC
DC
XNOR
CSYNC
QUADRATURE
RGB-TO-YUV
SEPARATOR
DECODER
ENCODING
MATRIX
XOSC
SYNC
+4
DETECTOR
PHASE
U
Y
V
FSC
FSC 90
FSC 0
LP PRE-
4-POLE
4-POLE
CSYNC
3-POLE
FILTER
FUNCTIONAL BLOCK DIAGRAM
BURST
°
LPF
LPF
CHARGE
°
PUMP
CSYNC
BURST
CLAMP
CLAMP
(PAL ONLY)
NTSC/PAL
U
V
FILTER
LOOP
180
One Technology Way, P.O. Box 9106, Norwood, MA 02062-9106, U.S.A.
Tel: 781/329-4700
Fax: 781/326-8703
operates from a single +5 V supply. No external delay lines or
filters are required. The AD724 may be powered down when
not in use.
The AD724 accepts either FSC or 4FSC clock. When a clock is
not available, a low cost parallel-resonant crystal (3.58 MHz
(NTSC) or 4.43 MHz (PAL)) and the AD724’s on-chip oscilla-
tor generate the necessary subcarrier clock. The AD724 also
accepts the subcarrier clock from an external video source.
The interface to graphics controllers is simple: an on-chip logic
“XNOR” accepts the available vertical (VSYNC) and horizon-
tal sync (HSYNC) signals and creates the composite sync
(CSYNC) signal on-chip. If available, the AD724 will also
accept a standard CSYNC signal by connecting VSYNC to
Logic HI and applying CSYNC to the HSYNC pin. The
AD724 contains decoding logic to identify valid horizontal sync
pulses for correct burst insertion.
Delays in the U and V chroma filters are matched by an on-chip
sampled-data delay line in the Y signal path. To prevent alias-
ing, a prefilter at 5 MHz is included ahead of the delay line and
a post-filter at 5 MHz is added after the delay line to suppress
harmonics in the output. These low-pass filters are optimized
for minimum pulse overshoot. The overall luma delay, relative
to chroma, has been designed to be time aligned for direct input to
a television’s baseband. The AD724 comes in a space-saving
SOIC and is specified for the 0 C to +70 C commercial tem-
perature range.
SC 90
4FSC
VCO
MODULATORS
°
/270
BALANCED
°
DELAY LINE
RGB to NTSC/PAL Encoder
SAMPLED-
AT 8FSC
CLOCK
DATA
World Wide Web Site: http://www.analog.com
NTSC/PAL
LP POST-
4-POLE
2-POLE
FILTER
LPF
© Analog Devices, Inc., 1999
X2
X2
X2
AD724
LUMINANCE
OUTPUT
COMPOSITE
OUTPUT
CHROMINANCE
OUTPUT

Related parts for AD724

AD724 Summary of contents

Page 1

... V supply. No external delay lines or filters are required. The AD724 may be powered down when not in use. The AD724 accepts either FSC or 4FSC clock. When a clock is not available, a low cost parallel-resonant crystal (3.58 MHz (NTSC) or 4.43 MHz (PAL)) and the AD724’s on-chip oscilla- tor generate the necessary subcarrier clock ...

Page 2

... AD724–SPECIFICATIONS Parameter SIGNAL INPUTS (RIN, GIN, BIN) Input Amplitude 1 Black Level 2 Input Resistance Input Capacitance LOGIC INPUTS (HSYNC, VSYNC, FIN, ENCD, STND, SELECT) CMOS Logic Levels Logic LO Input Voltage Logic HI Input Voltage Logic LO Input Current (DC) Logic HI Input Current (DC) 3 VIDEO OUTPUTS ...

Page 3

... ESD (electrostatic discharge) sensitive device. Electrostatic charges as high as 4000 V readily accumulate on the human body and test equipment and can discharge without detection. Although the AD724 features proprietary ESD protection circuitry, permanent damage may occur on devices subjected to high energy electrostatic discharges. Therefore, proper ESD precautions are recommended to avoid performance degradation or loss of functionality ...

Page 4

... AD724 Pin Mnemonic Description 1 STND A Logical HIGH input selects NTSC encoding. A Logical LOW input selects PAL encoding. CMOS/TTL Logic Levels. 2 AGND Analog Ground Connection. 3 FIN FSC clock or parallel-resonant crystal, or 4FSC clock input. For NTSC: 3.579 545 MHz or 14.318 180 MHz. For PAL: 4.433 619 MHz or 17.734 480 MHz. ...

Page 5

... LINE PAL NO FILTERING SLOW CLAMP TO 0.00V @ 6.72 s 0.5 0.0 ASYNCHRONOUS FRAMES SELECTED : –0 Figure 3. Modulated Pulse and Bar, PAL REV. B Typical Performance Characteristics–AD724 +5V COMPOSITE SYNC TSG 300 AD724 COMPOSITE VIDEO RGB TO VIDEO NTSC/PAL RGB ENCODER 3 FIN 75 GENLOCK ...

Page 6

... AD724 Figure 6. 100% Color Bars on Vector Scope, NTSC Figure 7. 100% Color Bars on Vector Scope, PAL 1.0 APL = 12.0% 525 LINE NTSC SLOW CLAMP TO 0.00V @ 6.63 s 0.5 0.0 SYNCHRONOUS –0 Figure 8. Multipulse, NTSC 1.0 APL = 11.7% 625 LINE PAL NO FILTERING SLOW CLAMP TO 0.00V @ 6.72 s 0.5 0.0 ASYNCHRONOUS FRAMES SELECTED : – ...

Page 7

... MAX = 0.00 pk–pk = 1.14 –0.53 –0.01 100ns 5TH 6TH MAX = 0.10 pk–pk = 0.42 0.04 0.10 H TIMING (PAL) LINE = 25 MAX = 0.70 pk–pk = 1.89 0.42 0.70 94ns AVERAGE 5TH 6TH –7– AD724 9.72 s 9.0 5.49 s CYCLES 4.59 s 33.8 IRE 39.7 IRE 124ns AVERAGE 256 Figure 12. Horizontal Timing, NTSC 5.59 s 2.28 s 4.60 s 102ns 293.5mV 256 Figure 13. Horizontal Timing, PAL 249.0mV ...

Page 8

... The bandwidths stated in the above discussion are the design target bandwidths for NTSC and PAL. The AD724’s 4FSC clock (either produced by the on-chip PLL or user supplied) drives a digital divide-by-four circuit to create the quadrature signals for modulation. The reference phase used for the U signal ...

Page 9

... The two sync inputs HSYNC and VSYNC drive an XNOR gate to create a CSYNC signal for the AD724. If the user produces a true composite sync signal, it can be input to the HSYNC pin while the VSYNC pin is held high. In either case the CSYNC ...

Page 10

... F VGA OUTPUT CONNECTOR Figure 15. Interfacing the AD724 to the (Interlaced) VGA Port transmitted. Each output requires a 220 F series capacitor to work with the 75 CRMA signal has information mostly up at the chroma fre- quency and can use a smaller capacitor if desired, but 220 F can be used to minimize the number of different components used in the design ...

Page 11

... The circuit selection can be driven by the STND signal that already drives Pin 1 to select between NTSC and PAL operation for the AD724. A schematic for such a circuit is shown in Figure 17. Each crys- tal ties directly to FIN (Pin 3) with one terminal and has the other terminal connected via a series diode to ground ...

Page 12

... The HIGH (+5 V) signal applied to R1 forward biases CR1 with approximately 450 A of current. This turns the diode “on” (low impedance with a forward voltage of approximately 0.6 V) and selects Y1 as the crystal to run the oscillator on the AD724. The bias across the diode does not affect the operation of the oscillator. ...

Page 13

... These cannot be used for clocking other devices. A low cost oscillator can be made to provide a CW clock that can be used to drive both the AD724 FIN and other devices in the system that require a clock at this frequency. In addition, the same technique can be used to make a clock signal at a 4FSC, which might be required by other devices and can also be used to drive the FIN pin of the AD724 ...

Page 14

... ICs. Synchronous vs. Asynchronous Operation The source of RGB video and synchronization used as an input to the AD724 in some systems is derived from the same clock signal as used for the AD724 subcarrier input (FIN). These systems are said to be operating synchronously. In systems where two different clock sources are used for these signals, the operation is called asynchronous ...

Page 15

... REV. B OUTLINE DIMENSIONS Dimensions shown in inches and (mm). 16-Lead Wide Body SOIC (R-16) 0.4133 (10.50) 0.3977 (10.00 0.2992 (7.60) 0.2914 (7.40) 0.4193 (10.65 0.3937 (10.00) PIN 1 0.1043 (2.65) 0.050 (1.27) 0.0291 (0.74) BSC 0.0926 (2.35) 0.0098 (0.25) 8 0.0192 (0.49) SEATING 0 0.0125 (0.32) PLANE 0.0138 (0.35) 0.0091 (0.23) –15– AD724 45 0.0500 (1.27) 0.0157 (0.40) ...

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