LM3431MH National Semiconductor, LM3431MH Datasheet

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LM3431MH

Manufacturer Part Number
LM3431MH
Description
3-Channel Constant Current LED Driver with Integrated Boost Controller
Manufacturer
National Semiconductor
Datasheet

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© 2008 National Semiconductor Corporation
LM3431/LM3431A
3-Channel Constant Current LED Driver with Integrated
Boost Controller
General Description
The LM3431 is a 3-channel linear current controller combined
with a boost switching controller ideal for driving LED back-
light panels in space critical applications. The LM3431 drives
3 external NPN transistors or MOSFETs to deliver high ac-
curacy constant current to 3 LED strings. Output current is
adjustable to drive strings in excess of 200 mA. The LM3431
can be expanded to drive as many as 6 LED strings.
The boost controller drives an external NFET switch for step-
up regulation from input voltages between 5V and 36V. The
LM3431 features LED cathode feedback to minimize regula-
tor headroom and optimize efficiency.
A DIM input pin controls LED brightness from analog or digital
control signals. Dimming frequencies up to 25 kHz are pos-
sible with a contrast ratio of 100:1. Contrast ratios greater than
1000:1 are possible at lower dimming frequencies.
The LM3431 eliminates audible noise problems by maintain-
ing constant output voltage regulation during LED dimming.
Additional features include LED short and open protection,
fault delay/error flag, cycle by cycle current limit, and thermal
shutdown for both the IC and LED array. The enhanced
LM3431A features reduced offset voltge for higher accuracy
LED current.
Typical Application Circuit
300411
Features
Applications
3-channel programmable LED current
High accuracy linear current regulation
Analog and digital PWM dimming control
Up to 25kHz dimming frequency
>100:1 contrast ratio
Integrated Boost controller
5V-36V input voltage range
Adjustable switching frequency up to 1MHz
LED short and open protection
Selectable fault shutdown or automatic restart
Programmable fault delay
Programmable cycle by cycle current limit
Output Over Voltage Protection
No Audible Noise
Enable pin
LED Over-Temperature shutdown input
Thermal Shutdown
TSSOP-28 exposed pad package
Automotive Infotainment Displays
Small to Medium Format Displays
December 20, 2007
www.national.com
30041101

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LM3431MH Summary of contents

Page 1

... IC and LED array. The enhanced LM3431A features reduced offset voltge for higher accuracy LED current. Typical Application Circuit © 2008 National Semiconductor Corporation Features ■ 3-channel programmable LED current ■ ...

Page 2

... Connection Diagram Ordering Information Order Number Operating Temp Range LM3431MHX -40°C to 125°C LM3431MH -40°C to 125°C LM3431AMHX -40°C to 125°C LM3431AMH -40°C to 125°C www.national.com Top View 28 Lead Plastic Exposed Pad TSSOP Package Type Package Drawing TSSOP-28 MXA28A TSSOP-28 MXA28A ...

Page 3

Pin Descriptions Pin # Pin Name 1 VIN Power supply input. 2 PGND Power ground pin. Connect to ground. 3 VCC Internal reference voltage output. Bypass to PGND with a minimum 4.7 µF capacitor Boost controller gate drive ...

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... Absolute Maximum Ratings If Military/Aerospace specified devices are required, please contact the National Semiconductor Sales Office/ Distributors for availability and specifications. Voltages from the indicated pins to SGND: VIN EN DIM MODE/F REFIN THM DLY SNSx NDRVx CFB SC AFB Electrical Characteristics apply over the junction temperature (TJ) range of -40°C to +125°C. Unless otherwise stated, V limits are guaranteed through test, design, or statistical correlation. Typical values represent the most likely parametric norm 25° ...

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Symbol Parameter bw SNSx amp bandwidth V LEDOFF voltage LEDOFF V DIM threshold DIM hysteresis T Minimum internal DIM pulse width DIM (Note 8) DIM DIM to NDRV delay time DLY_R DIM DIM to NDRV delay time DLY_F TH MODE/F ...

Page 6

Note 1: Absolute Maximum Ratings are limits beyond which damage to the device may occur. Operating Ratings are conditions under which operation of the device is intended to be functional. For guaranteed specifications and test conditions, see the Electrical Characteristics. ...

Page 7

Typical Performance Characteristics 12V 25° vs. Temperature REF SNS Temperature (LM3431 or LM3431A) OS IQ_SB vs Temperature Unless otherwise specified the following conditions apply Voltage vs. Temperature FB 30041104 ...

Page 8

Normalized Switching Frequency vs. Temperature (700 kHz) Line Transient Response LED Ripple Current www.national.com Efficiency vs. Input Voltage LED Current = 140 LED Vf = 25V 30041110 Dimming Transient Response 30041112 30041114 8 30041111 30041113 NDRV Waveforms ...

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Block Diagram 9 30041116 www.national.com ...

Page 10

Operation Description The LM3431 combines a boost controller and 3 constant cur- rent regulator controllers in one device. To simplify the de- scription, these two blocks will be described separately as Boost Controller and LED Current Regulator. All descriptions and ...

Page 11

SOFT-START The SS/SH pin is a dual function softstart and sample/hold pin. The SH function is described in sections below. When the EN pin is pulled above the programmable UVLO threshold and VCC rises above the internal UVLO threshold, the ...

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FIGURE 3. Switching Frequency vs R For a given application, the maximum switching frequency is limited by the minimum on time. When the LM3431 reaches its minimum on-time, pulse skipping will occur and output rip- ple will increase. To avoid ...

Page 13

L will typically give the best performance. CURRENT SENSING Switch current is sensed via the sense resistor, R3, while the switch is on and the inductor is charging. The sensed ...

Page 14

INPUT CAPACITOR SELECTION Because the inductor is at the input of a boost converter, the input current waveform is continuous and triangular. The in- ductor ensures that the input capacitor sees relatively low ripple currents. The rms current in the ...

Page 15

Rc and Cc is recommended for the compensation network, shown as R9 and C4 in the typical application circuit. The series combination of Rc and Cc introduces a pole-zero pair according to the following equations: where R is ...

Page 16

NDRV The NDRV pins drive the base of the external NPN or N- channel MOSFET current regulators. Each pin is capable of driving base current typically. Therefore, NPN devices with sufficient gain must be selected. ...

Page 17

To ensure good linearity, select NPN regulators with short and similar rise and fall times. SETTING FF To minimize voltage transients during LED dimming, the out- put voltage is regulated via the AFB pin during LED off times. However, ...

Page 18

DLY pin remains high. In this condition, the DLY pin will charge to a maximum of 3.6V (typical). In case of a Type 2 fault, when the DLY voltage reaches 2.8V (typical), the LM3431 will shut down ...

Page 19

Shorted LED If an LED fails short circuit, the SC voltage will increase. When SC reaches 3.1V, the same Type 1 fault as an open LED will be triggered. Current in the affected string will continue to be regulated, with ...

Page 20

During startup (and re-start), the THM monitor is active. Therefore, the thermistor temperature must be below the restart threshold for the LM3431 to startup. TSD If the LM3431 internal junction temperature increases above 160°C TSD is activated. This is a ...

Page 21

Following the important guidelines below will help min- imize switching noise and its effect on current sensing. As shown in Figure 15, ground the output capacitor as close ...

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Physical Dimensions www.national.com inches (millimeters) unless otherwise noted eTSSOP-28 Package 28 Lead Exposed Pad TSOP Package NS Package Number MXA28A 22 ...

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Notes 23 www.national.com ...

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... For more National Semiconductor product information and proven design tools, visit the following Web sites at: Products Amplifiers www.national.com/amplifiers Audio www.national.com/audio Clock Conditioners www.national.com/timing Data Converters www.national.com/adc Displays www.national.com/displays Ethernet www.national.com/ethernet Interface www.national.com/interface LVDS www.national.com/lvds Power Management www.national.com/power Switching Regulators www.national.com/switchers LDOs www ...

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