MC33023 Motorola, MC33023 Datasheet - Page 8

• Manufacturer Part Number: MC33023
• Description: High Speed Single-Ended PWM Controller
• Manufacturer: Motorola

frequency, single–ended pulse width modulator controllers
optimized for high frequency operation. They are specifically
designed for Off–Line and DC–to–DC converter applications
offering the designer a cost effective solution with minimal
external components. A representative block diagram is
shown in Figure 18.
Oscillator
selected for the timing components R T and C T . The R T pin is
set to a temperature compensated 3.0 V. By selecting the
value of R T , the charge current is set through a current mirror
for the timing capacitor C T . This charge current runs
continuously through C T . The discharge current is ratioed to
be 10 times the charge current, which yields the maximum
duty cycle of 90%. C T is charged to 2.8 V and discharged to
1.0 V. During the discharge of C T , the oscillator generates an
internal blanking pulse that resets the PWM Latch and,
inhibits the outputs. The threshold voltage on the oscillator
comparator is trimmed to guarantee an oscillator accuracy of
5.0% at 25 C.
increasing the charge current to C T as shown in Figure 23.
This changes the charge to discharge ratio of C T which is set
internally to I charge /10 I charge . The new charge to discharge
ratio will be:
for master/slave operation. As a master, the clock pin
provides a positive output pulse during the discharge of C T .
As a slave, the clock pin is an input that resets the PWM latch
and blanks the drive output, but does not discharge C T .
Therefore, the oscillator is not synchronized by driving the
clock pin alone. Figures 27, 28 and 29 provide suggested
synchronization.
Error Amplifier
a typical DC voltage gain of 95 dB and a gain bandwidth
product of 8.3 MHz with 75 degrees of phase margin
(Figure 3). Typical application circuits will have the
noninverting input tied to the reference. The inverting input
will typically be connected to a feedback voltage generated
from the output of the switching power supply. Both inputs
have a common mode voltage (V CM ) input range of 1.5 V to
5.5 V. The Error Amplifier Output is provided for external loop
compensation.
Soft–Start Latch
capacitor. The Soft–Start capacitor is charged by an internal
9.0 A current source. This capacitor clamps the output of
the error amplifier to less than its normal output voltage, thus
8
The MC33023 and MC34023 series are high speed, fixed
The oscillator frequency is programmed by the values
Additional dead time can be added by externally
A bidirectional clock pin is provided for synchronization or
A fully compensated Error Amplifier is provided. It features
Soft–Start is accomplished in conjunction with an external
% Deadtime
+
I additiona l
10 (I charge )
)
I charge
OPERATING DESCRIPTION
MC34023 MC33023
limiting the duty cycle. The time it takes for a capacitor to
reach full charge is given by:
operation of this circuitry. Two conditions can cause the
Soft–Start circuit to latch so that the Soft–Start capacitor
stays discharged. The first condition is activation of an
undervoltage lockout of either V CC or V ref . The second
condition is when current sense input exceeds 1.4 V. Since
this latch is “set dominant”, it cannot be reset until either of
these signals is removed and, the voltage at C Soft–Start is less
than 0.5 V.
PWM Comparator and Latch
ramp signal. The outcome of this comparison determines the
state of the output. In voltage mode operation the ramp signal
is the voltage ramp of the timing capacitor. In current mode
operation the ramp signal is the voltage ramp induced in a
current sensing element. The ramp input of the PWM
comparator is pinned out so that the user can decide which
mode of operation best suits the application requirements.
The ramp input has a 1.25 V offset such that whenever the
voltage at this pin exceeds the error amplifier output voltage
minus 1.25 V, the PWM comparator will cause the PWM latch
to set, disabling the outputs. Once the PWM latch is set, only
a blanking pulse by the oscillator can reset it, thus initiating
the next cycle.
Current Limiting and Shutdown
operations. Two comparators are connected to the input of
this pin. The reference voltage for the current limit
comparator is not set internally. A pin is provided so the user
can set the voltage. When the voltage at the current limit
input pin exceeds the externally set voltage, the PWM latch is
set, disabling the output. In this way cycle–by–cycle current
limiting is accomplished. If a current limit resistor is used in
series with the power devices, the value of the resistor is
found by:
comparator is activated. This comparator sets a latch which,
in turn, causes the soft start capacitor to be discharged. In
this way a “hiccup” mode of recovery is possible in the case
of output short circuits. If a current limit resistor is used in
series with the output devices, the peak current at which the
controller will enter a “hiccup” mode is given by:
A Soft–Start latch is incorporated to prevent erratic
A PWM circuit typically compares an error voltage with a
A pin is provided to perform current limiting and shutdown
If the voltage at this pin exceeds 1.4 V, the second
R Sense
t
[
MOTOROLA ANALOG IC DEVICE DATA
I shutdown
+
(4.5
I Limit Reference Voltage
10 5 ) C Soft-Start
+
I pk (switch)
R Sense
1.4 V