LM5035A-1 National Semiconductor, LM5035A-1 Datasheet - Page 13

• Manufacturer Part Number: LM5035A-1
• Description: PWM Controller
• Manufacturer: National Semiconductor

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Functional Description
The LM5035A PWM controller contains all of the features
necessary to implement half-bridge voltage-mode controlled
power converters. The LM5035A provides two gate driver
outputs to directly drive the primary side power MOSFETs
and two signal level outputs to control secondary syn-
chronous rectifiers through an isolation interface. Secondary
side drivers, such as the LM5110, are typically used to provide
the necessary gate drive current to control the sync MOS-
FETs. Synchronous rectification allows higher conversion ef-
ficiency and greater power density than conventional PN or
Schottky rectifier techniques. The LM5035A can be config-
ured to operate with bias voltages ranging from 8V to 105V.
Additional features include line under-voltage lockout, cycle-
by-cycle current limit, voltage feed-forward compensation,
hiccup mode fault protection with adjustable delays, soft-start,
a 2MHz capable oscillator with synchronization capability,
precision reference, thermal shutdown and programmable
volt•second clamping. These features simplify the design of
voltage-mode half-bridge DC-DC power converters. The
Functional Block Diagram is shown in
High-Voltage Start-up Regulator
The LM5035A contains an internal high voltage start-up reg-
ulator that allows the input pin (VIN) to be connected directly
to a nominal 48 VDC input voltage. The regulator input can
withstand transients up to 105V. The regulator output at VCC
(7.6V) is internally current limited to 35 mA typical. When the
UVLO pin potential is greater than 0.4V, the VCC regulator is
enabled to charge an external capacitor connected to the
VCC pin. The VCC regulator provides power to the voltage
reference (REF) and the output drivers (LO, SR1 and SR2).
When the voltage on the VCC pin exceeds the UVLO thresh-
old of 7.6V, the internal voltage reference (REF) reaches its
regulation setpoint of 5V and the UVLO voltage is greater than
1.25V, the controller outputs are enabled. The value of the
VCC capacitor depends on the total system design, and its
start-up characteristics. The recommended range of values
for the VCC capacitor is 0.1 µF to 100 µF.
The VCC under-voltage comparator threshold is lowered to
6.2V (typical) after VCC reaches the regulation set-point. If
VCC falls below this value, the outputs are disabled, and the
soft-start capacitor is discharged. If VCC increases above
7.6V, the outputs will be enabled and a soft-start sequence
will commence.
The internal power dissipation of the LM5035A can be re-
duced by powering VCC from an external supply. In typical
applications, an auxiliary transformer winding is connected
through a diode to the VCC pin. This winding must raise the
VCC voltage above 8.3V to shut off the internal start-up reg-
ulator. Powering VCC from an auxiliary winding improves
efficiency while reducing the controller’s power dissipation.
The under-voltage comparator circuit will still function in this
mode, requiring that VCC never falls below 6.2V during the
start-up sequence.
During a fault mode, when the converter auxiliary winding is
inactive, external current draw on the VCC line should be lim-
ited such that the power dissipated in the start-up regulator
does not exceed the maximum power dissipation of the IC
package.
An external DC bias voltage can be used instead of the inter-
nal regulator by connecting the external bias voltage to both
Figure
1.
13
the VCC and the VIN pins. The external bias must be greater
than 8.3V to exceed the VCC UVLO threshold and less than
the VCC maximum operating voltage rating (15V).
Line Under-Voltage Detector
The LM5035A contains a dual level Under-Voltage Lockout
(UVLO) circuit. When the UVLO pin voltage is below 0.4V, the
controller is in a low current shutdown mode. When the UVLO
pin voltage is greater than 0.4V but less than 1.25V, the con-
troller is in standby mode. In standby mode the VCC and REF
bias regulators are active while the controller outputs are dis-
abled. When the VCC and REF outputs exceed the VCC and
REF under-voltage thresholds and the UVLO pin voltage is
greater than 1.25V, the outputs are enabled and normal op-
eration begins. An external set-point voltage divider from VIN
to GND can be used to set the minimum operating voltage of
the converter. The divider must be designed such that the
voltage at the UVLO pin will be greater than 1.25V when VIN
enters the desired operating range. UVLO hysteresis is ac-
complished with an internal 23 µA current sink that is switched
on or off into the impedance of the set-point divider. When the
UVLO threshold is exceeded, the current sink is deactivated
to quickly raise the voltage at the UVLO pin. When the UVLO
pin voltage falls below the 1.25V threshold, the current sink is
enabled causing the voltage at the UVLO pin to quickly fall.
The hysteresis of the 0.4V shutdown comparator is internally
fixed at 100 mV.
The UVLO pin can also be used to implement various remote
enable / disable functions. Turning off a converter by forcing
the UVLO pin to the standby condition provides a controlled
soft-stop. See the Soft Start section for more details.
Line Over Voltage / Load Over
Voltage / Remote Thermal
Protection
The LM5035A provides a multipurpose OVP pin that supports
several fault protection functions. When the OVP pin voltage
exceeds 1.25V, the controller is held in standby mode which
immediately halts the PWM pulses at the HO and LO pins. In
standby mode, the VCC and REF bias regulators are active
while the controller outputs are disabled. When the OVP pin
voltage falls below the 1.25V OVP threshold, the outputs are
enabled and normal soft-start sequence begins. Hysteresis is
accomplished with an internal 23 µA current source that is
switched on or off into the impedance of the OVP pin set-point
divider. When the OVP threshold is exceeded, the current
source is enabled to quickly raise the voltage at the OVP pin.
When the OVP pin voltage falls below the 1.25V threshold,
the current source is disabled causing the voltage at the OVP
pin to quickly fall.
Several examples of the use of this pin are provided in the
Application Information section.
Reference
The REF pin is the output of a 5V linear regulator that can be
used to bias an opto-coupler transistor and external house-
keeping circuits. The regulator output is internally current
limited to 20mA (typical).
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