ADP3181 Analog Devices, ADP3181 Datasheet

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ADP3181

Manufacturer Part Number
ADP3181
Description
Manufacturer
Analog Devices
Datasheet

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ADP3181
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ADP3181J
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ADP3181JRU
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ADP3181JRUZ
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FEATURES
Selectable 2-, 3-, or 4-phase operation at up to 1 MHz per
±14.5 mV worst-case mV differential sensing error over
Logic-level PWM outputs for interface to external high
Active current balancing between all output phases
Built-in power good/crowbar blanking supports on-the-fly
Programmable short circuit protection with programmable
APPLICATIONS
Desktop PC power supplies for
GENERAL DESCRIPTION
The ADP3181 is a highly efficient multiphase synchronous
buck-switching regulator controller optimized for converting
a 12 V main supply into the core supply voltage required by
high performance Intel processors. It uses an internal 6-bit
DAC to read a voltage identification (VID) code directly from
the processor, which is used to set the output voltage. The
CPUID input selects whether the DAC codes match the
VRM 9 or VRD 10 specifications. It uses a multimode PWM
architecture to drive the logic-level outputs at a programmable
switching frequency that can be optimized for VR size and
efficiency. The phase relationship of the output signals can
be programmed to provide 2-, 3-, or 4-phase operation,
allowing for the construction of up to four complementary
buck-switching stages.
Rev. A
Information furnished by Analog Devices is believed to be accurate and reliable.
However, no responsibility is assumed by Analog Devices for its use, nor for any
infringements of patents or other rights of third parties that may result from its use.
Specifications subject to change without notice. No license is granted by implication
or otherwise under any patent or patent rights of Analog Devices. Trademarks and
registered trademarks are the property of their respective owners.
phase
temperature
power drivers
VID code changes
Digitally programmable output can be switched between
VRM 9 (5-bit) and VRD 10 (6-bit) VID codes for
ADP3181JRU. (VRD10 (6-bit) only for ADP3181JRQ)
latch-off delay
next-generation Intel processors
VRM modules
5-Bit or 6-Bit Programmable 2-,3-,4-Phase
PWRGD
The ADP3181 also includes programmable no-load offset and
slope functions to adjust the output voltage as a function of the
load current so that it is always optimally positioned for a
system transient. The ADP3181 provides accurate and reliable
short-circuit protection, adjustable current limiting, and a
delayed power good output that accommodates on-the-fly
output voltage changes requested by the CPU.
The device is specified over the commercial temperature range
of 0°C to +85°C and is available in 28-lead QSOP (only VRD10
option) and TSSOP packages.
One Technology Way, P.O. Box 9106, Norwood, MA 02062-9106, U.S.A.
Tel: 781.329.4700
Fax: 781.461.3113
DELAY
COMP
ILIMIT
GND
EN
Synchronous Buck Controller
11
19
10
15
12
9
DAC – 250mV
DAC + 300mV
EN
CSREF
REFERENCE
PRECISION
FBRTN CPUID
SHUTDOWN
AND BIAS
7
DELAY
FUNCTIONAL BLOCK DIAGRAM
UVLO
VCC
28
START
SOFT
6
©2005 Analog Devices, Inc. All rights reserved.
VID4 VID3 VID2 VID1 VID0
RAMPADJ
1
OSCILLATOR
BALANCING
CURRENT-
CIRCUIT
14
2
DAC
VID
Figure 1.
3
RT
13
CURRENT-
LIMITING
CIRCUIT
4
CMP
CMP
CROWBAR
CMP
CMP
5
RESET
RESET
DRIVER LOGIC
RESET
RESET
ADP3181
2-/3-/4-PHASE
SET
ADP3181
www.analog.com
CURRENT
LIMIT
EN
27
26
25
24
23
22
21
20
17
16
18
8
PWM1
PWM2
PWM3
PWM4
SW1
SW2
SW3
SW4
CSSUM
CSREF
CSCOMP
FB

Related parts for ADP3181

ADP3181 Summary of contents

Page 1

... The ADP3181 also includes programmable no-load offset and slope functions to adjust the output voltage as a function of the load current so that it is always optimally positioned for a system transient. The ADP3181 provides accurate and reliable short-circuit protection, adjustable current limiting, and a delayed power good output that accommodates on-the-fly output voltage changes requested by the CPU ...

Page 2

... ADP3181 TABLE OF CONTENTS Specifications..................................................................................... 3 Test Circuits....................................................................................... 5 Absolute Maximum Ratings............................................................ 6 Pin Configuration and Function Descriptions............................. 7 Typical Performance Characteristics ............................................. 8 Theory of Operation ........................................................................ 9 Start-Up Sequence........................................................................ 9 Master Clock Frequency............................................................ 10 Output Voltage Differential Sensing ........................................ 10 Output Current Sensing ............................................................ 10 Active Impedance Control Mode............................................. 10 Current Control Mode and Thermal Balance ........................ 10 Voltage Control Mode ...

Page 3

... T V RAMPADJ − FB. RAMPADJ I RAMPADJ V CSSUM − CSREF. See Figure 2. OS(CSA) I BIAS(CSSUM) GBW (CSA pF. CSCOMP CSSUM and CSREF. ΔV See Figure CSCOMP Rev Page ADP3181 Min Typ Max Unit 0.7 3.1 V −14.5 +14.5 mV 0.05 % μA 14 15.5 17 μA 100 140 μA 500 20 MHz 25 V/μ ...

Page 4

... ADP3181 Parameter CURRENT BALANCE CIRCUIT Common Mode Range Input Resistance Input Current Input Current Matching CURRENT LIMIT COMPARATOR Output Voltage Normal Mode In Shutdown Output Current, Normal Mode 2 Maximum Output Current Current Limit Threshold Voltage Current Limit Setting Ratio Delay Normal Mode Voltage ...

Page 5

... CSCOMP– 12V 28 + 1μF 100nF 20kΩ 100nF Rev Page ADP3181 ADP3181 VCC 12V 10kΩ COMP 9 200kΩ CSCOMP 18 100nF 200kΩ CSSUM 17 Δ V CSREF 16 1.0V GND 19 Δ Δ – FB Δ ...

Page 6

... ADP3181 ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATINGS Table 2. Parameter VCC FBRTN VID0 to VID4, CPUID, EN, DELAY, ILIMIT, CSCOMP, RT, PWM1 to PWM4, COMP SW1 to SW4 All Other Inputs and Outputs Storage Temperature Operating Ambient Temperature Range Operating Junction Temperature Thermal Impedance (θ Lead Temperature Soldering (10 sec) Infrared (15 sec) ESD CAUTION ESD (electrostatic discharge) sensitive device ...

Page 7

... Current Limit Set Point/Enable Output. An external resistor from this pin to GND sets the current limit threshold of the converter. This pin is actively pulled low when the ADP3181 EN input is low, or when V below its UVLO threshold to signal to the driver IC that the driver high-side and low-side outputs should go low ...

Page 8

... ADP3181 TYPICAL PERFORMANCE CHARACTERISTICS 100 150 R VALUE (kΩ) T Figure 6. Master Clock Frequency vs. R 200 250 300 T Rev Page 5 25°C A 4-PHASE OPERATION 5.2 5.1 5.0 4.9 4.8 4.7 4.6 0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 OSCILLATOR FREQUENCY (MHz) Figure 7. Supply Current vs. Oscillator Frequency 3.5 4.0 ...

Page 9

... VID DAC operates with five inputs and generates the VR 9 output voltage range, as shown in Table 4. If CPUID is <4 V, the VID DAC treats CPUID as the VID5 input and operates as a 6-bit DAC using the output voltage range given in Table 5. Table VID Codes for ADP3181JRU Only, CPUID >4.25 VID4 VID3 VID2 1 ...

Page 10

... ADP3181 MASTER CLOCK FREQUENCY The clock frequency of the ADP3181 is set with an external resistor connected from the RT pin to ground. The frequency follows the graph in Figure 6. To determine the frequency per phase, the clock is divided by the number of phases in use. If PWM4 is grounded, then divide the master clock by 3 for the frequency of the remaining phases ...

Page 11

... The output of the amplifier is the COMP pin, which sets the termination voltage for the internal PWM ramps. Table VID Codes for the ADP3181, CPUID Used As a VID5 Input VID4 VID3 VID2 ...

Page 12

... PWRGD threshold, then a soft start cycle is initiated. The latch-off function can be reset by removing and reapplying V to the ADP3181 pulling the EN pin low for a short CC time. To disable the short circuit latch-off function, the external , with a secondary DLY resistor to ground should be left open and a high value (> ...

Page 13

... The VCC to the controller must be higher than the UVLO threshold and the EN pin must be higher then its logic threshold for the ADP3181 to begin switching. IF UVLO is less than the threshold or the EN pin is a logic low, the device is disabled. This holds the PWM outputs at ground, shorts the DELAY capacitor to ground, and holds the ILIMIT pin at ground ...

Page 14

... DRVH 1 8 IPD12N03L PGND 6 4 VCC DRVL 5 C15 4.7μF Q8 IPD06N03L IPD06N03L + C19 C20 1μF 33μ 383kΩ ADP3181 VCC 1 VID4 28 PWM1 2 VID3 27 VID2 PWM2 VID1 PWM3 25 5 VID0 PWM4 24 6 CPUID SW1 FBRTN SW2 8 SW3 ...

Page 15

... APPLICATIONS The design parameters for a typical ADP3181 CPU application are as follows: • Input voltage ( • VID setting voltage ( 1.500 V VID • Duty cycle (D) = 0.125 • Nominal output voltage at no load (V • Nominal output voltage load ( • Static output voltage drop based on a 1.5 mΩ load line (R from no load to full load: (VΔ ...

Page 16

... ADP3181 If the ripple voltage is less than that designed for, the inductor can be made smaller until the ripple value is met. This allows optimal transient response and minimum output decoupling. The smallest possible inductor should be used to minimize the number of output capacitors. A 300 nH inductor is a good choice to start, and it gives a calculated ripple current of 13 ...

Page 17

... Solving for R CS2 TH and 35.30 kΩ and 78.11 kΩ. Choosing the CS1 CS2 . The value of R can be found using − VID ONL − 480 Ω μA SELECTION ADP3181 (10) (11 (12) ...

Page 18

... The maximum output current requirement for the low-side (synchronous) MOSFETs. In the ADP3181, currents are balanced between phases, so the current in each low-side MOSFET is the output current divided by the total number of MOSFETs (n dominant, the following expression shows the total power being dissipated in each synchronous MOSFET in terms of the ripple ...

Page 19

... VID V × × × − × 0 125 × × Ω 267 kHz ADP3181 ⎤ × ⎥ (19 ⎥ ⎦ × for the mA GMF (20) (21) ...

Page 20

... PCB and component parasitic effects. Using Equations 24 to 28, compute the time constants for all the poles and zeros in the system, where, for the ADP3181 the PCB resistance from the bulk capacitors to the ceramics and R is approximately the total low-side MOSFET on-resistance DS per phase at 25° ...

Page 21

... That inductor also acts as a filter between the converter and the primary power source. Rev Page and an amplitude of one-nth of the OUT × × × CRMS × × − 125 CRMS × 125 ADP3181 (33 ...

Page 22

... VID DAC and load line accordingly. This can be accomplished using the BOOTSELECT output from the CPU. Figure 12 shows how this signal is used to modify the load line and set the CPUID pin of the ADP3181 appropriately. 100nF BOOTSELECT Figure 12. Connections to Allow Automatic Switching between VR9 and VR10 Operation ...

Page 23

... If critical signal lines (including the output voltage sense lines of the ADP3181) must cross through power circuitry best if a signal ground plane can be interposed between those signal lines and the traces of the power circuitry. This serves as a shield to minimize noise injection into the signals at the expense of making signal ground a bit noisier ...

Page 24

... COPLANARITY 0.010 0.004 COPLANARITY ORDERING GUIDE Part Number Temperature Package 1 ADP3181JRUZ-REEL 0°C to +85° ADP3181JRQZ-RL 0°C to +85° PB-free part. 2 VRD10 only. ©2005 Analog Devices, Inc. All rights reserved. Trademarks and registered trademarks are the property of their respective owners. 9.80 9.70 9.60 ...

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