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INTRODUCTION
The EVAL-PRAOPAMP- 4R/4RU is an evaluation board
which accommodates quad op amps in SOIC and TSSOP
packages. It is meant to provide the user with multiple
choices and extensive flexibility for different applica-
tions circuits and configurations.
This board is not intended to be used with high frequency
components or high speed amplifiers. However, it provides
the user with many combinations for various circuit
types including active filters, instrumentation amplifiers,
composite amplifier, and external frequency compensa-
tion circuits. For examples of application circuits refer to
ADI amplifier data sheets under the applications section.
This application note will present different implementa-
tions of filter design using quad amplifiers.
STATE VARIABLE FILTER (INVERTING)
The SV filter uses two integrators and a summing amplifier
to provide second-order low-pass, band-pass, and high-
pass responses. A fourth op amp can be used to combine
the existing responses and synthesize the notch or the
all-pass responses.
This filter circuit can be easily constructed using the
quad EVAL_PRAOPAMP board and following the sche-
matic in Figure 1.
REV. 0
–V
IN
A
R6
R5
Quad Precision Op Amp Evaluation Board
*R
JUMP
2
3
R4
AND R
V
V
V–
V+
CC
EE
A1
by Giampaolo Marino and Steve Ranta
Figure 1. State Variable Filter (Inverting)
JUMP1
1
R
IS AN EXTERNAL COMPONENT, NOT PROVIDED ON THE APPLICATION BOARD.
JUMP1
V
HP
= V
*
R8
R
OUT
JUMP
A
*
6
5
V
V
V+
V–
CC
EE
A2
C6
Using the superposition principle, we write
Since A2 and A3 are integrators, we have:
After extended simplifications we have the following
expressions:
From the above expressions we observe that Q depends
on the resistor ratio R
to be much less sensitive to resistance tolerances and
drift. Indeed, with proper component selection and
circuit construction, the SV filter can easily yield depend-
able Qs in the range of hundreds. For best results, it is
advisable to use metal film resistors and polystyrene or
polycarbonate capacitors, and properly bypass the op
amp supplies.
7
and
Q
H
ω
(
V
1
V
o
OHP
BP
BP
=
+
=
R6 R
R13
= V
=
(
=
1
OUT
(
(
(
1
/
– /
V
R4 R
–
+
1
+
R4 R6 H
B
HP
R4 / R6
JUMP
APPLICATION NOTE
1
1
R
R8 C6s V
/
+
+
/
JUMP1
=
10
9
(
(
JUMP
R4 / R6
R
(
–
+
JUMP1
,
R6 / R4 V
R6 R4 H
V
V
+
V+
V–
/
)
CC
EE
) (
R5
OBP
R4 /R
/
A3
C8
/
HP
)
JUMP1
/ R5
)
R8 C6 R13 C8
+
=
8
)
and
)
(
(
(
,
JUMP
R4 / R
R4 R8 C6 /R
1
)
1
V
+
/R5. We therefore expect Q
–
LP
OLP
R
(
= V
)
R4 R
V
JUMP1
JUMP
LP
=
OUT
/
–
=
C
R
JUMP
)
/
(
JUMP
)
R5
/
–
JUMP
1
www.analog.com
/ R13 C8 V
)
)
V
/
AN-797
V
/
BP
R6
LP
R13 C8
+
)
)
BP
/