ATmega32 Atmel Corporation, ATmega32 Datasheet - Page 120

• Manufacturer Part Number: ATmega32
• Manufacturer: Atmel Corporation

Specifications of ATmega32

• Flash (kbytes): 32 Kbytes
• Pin Count: 44
• Max. Operating Frequency: 16 MHz
• Cpu: 8-bit AVR
• # Of Touch Channels: 16
• Hardware Qtouch Acquisition: No
• Max I/o Pins: 32
• Ext Interrupts: 3
• Usb Speed: No
• Usb Interface: No
• Spi: 1
• Twi (i2c): 1
• Uart: 1
• Graphic Lcd: No
• Video Decoder: No
• Camera Interface: No
• Adc Channels: 8
• Adc Resolution (bits): 10
• Adc Speed (ksps): 15
• Analog Comparators: 1
• Resistive Touch Screen: No
• Temp. Sensor: No
• Crypto Engine: No
• Sram (kbytes): 2
• Eeprom (bytes): 1024
• Self Program Memory: YES
• Dram Memory: No
• Nand Interface: No
• Picopower: No
• Temp. Range (deg C): -40 to 85
• I/o Supply Class: 2.7 to 5.5
• Operating Voltage (vcc): 2.7 to 5.5
• Fpu: No
• Mpu / Mmu: no / no
• Timers: 3
• Output Compare Channels: 4
• Input Capture Channels: 1
• Pwm Channels: 4
• 32khz Rtc: Yes
• Calibrated Rc Oscillator: Yes

Fast PWM Mode
2503Q–AVR–02/11
pin is set to output. The waveform generated will have a maximum frequency of f
when OCR2 is set to zero (0x00). The waveform frequency is defined by the following equation:
The N variable represents the prescale factor (1, 8, 32, 64, 128, 256, or 1024).
As for the Normal mode of operation, the
counter counts from MAX to 0x00.
The fast Pulse Width Modulation or fast PWM mode (WGM21:0 = 3) provides a high frequency
PWM waveform generation option. The fast PWM differs from the other PWM option by its sin-
gle-slope operation. The counter counts from BOTTOM to MAX then restarts from BOTTOM. In
non-inverting Compare Output mode, the Output Compare (OC2) is cleared on the compare
match between TCNT2 and OCR2, and set at BOTTOM. In inverting Compare Output mode, the
output is set on compare match and cleared at BOTTOM. Due to the single-slope operation, the
operating frequency of the fast PWM mode can be twice as high as the phase correct PWM
mode that uses dual-slope operation. This high frequency makes the fast PWM mode well suited
for power regulation, rectification, and DAC applications. High frequency allows physically small
sized external components (coils, capacitors), and therefore reduces total system cost.
In fast PWM mode, the counter is incremented until the counter value matches the MAX value.
The counter is then cleared at the following timer clock cycle. The timing diagram for the fast
PWM mode is shown in
gram for illustrating the single-slope operation. The diagram includes non-inverted and inverted
PWM outputs. The small horizontal line marks on the TCNT2 slopes represent compare
matches between OCR2 and TCNT2.
Figure 58. Fast PWM Mode, Timing Diagram
The Timer/Counter Overflow Flag (
rupt is enabled, the interrupt handler routine can be used for updating the compare value.
In fast PWM mode, the compare unit allows generation of PWM waveforms on the OC2 pin. Set-
ting the COM21:0 bits to 2 will produce a non-inverted PWM and an inverted PWM output can
be generated by setting the COM21:0 to 3 (see
will only be visible on the port pin if the data direction for the port pin is set as output. The PWM
waveform is generated by setting (or clearing) the OC2 Register at the compare match between
TCNTn
OCn
OCn
Period
1
Figure
2
58. The TCNT2 value is in the timing diagram shown as a histo-
3
f
TOV2
OCn
) is set each time the counter reaches MAX. If the inter-
=
4
TOV2
---------------------------------------------- -
2 N
⋅
Flag is set in the same timer clock cycle that the
⋅
5
f
Table 52 on page
(
clk_I/O
1
+
OCRn
6
)
7
126). The actual OC2 value
ATmega32(L)
OCRn Interrupt Flag Set
OCRn Update and
TOVn Interrupt Flag Set
(COMn1:0 = 2)
(COMn1:0 = 3)
OC2
= f
clk_I/O
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